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Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, yet its performance deteriorates under statistical heterogeneity. Clustered Federated Learning addresses this challenge by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mahad Ali , Laura J. Brattain

The increasing size of data generated by smartphones and IoT devices motivated the development of Federated Learning (FL), a framework for on-device collaborative training of machine learning models. First efforts in FL focused on learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Othmane Marfoq , Giovanni Neglia , Aurélien Bellet , Laetitia Kameni , Richard Vidal

Model-heterogeneous personalized federated learning (MHPFL) enables FL clients to train structurally different personalized models on non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) local data. Existing MHPFL methods focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Liping Yi , Han Yu , Chao Ren , Heng Zhang , Gang Wang , Xiaoguang Liu , Xiaoxiao Li

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm enabling collaborative model training while preserving data privacy. In today's landscape, where most data is proprietary, confidential, and distributed, FL has become a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zilinghan Li , Shilan He , Ze Yang , Minseok Ryu , Kibaek Kim , Ravi Madduri

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements, demonstrating powerful capabilities in processing and understanding multimodal data. Fine-tuning MLLMs with Federated Learning (FL) allows for expanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Binqian Xu , Xiangbo Shu , Haiyang Mei , Guosen Xie , Basura Fernando , Jinhui Tang

Federated Learning (FL) trains deep models across edge devices without centralizing raw data, preserving user privacy. However, client heterogeneity slows down convergence and limits global model accuracy. Clustered FL (CFL) mitigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Minghao Li , Dmitrii Avdiukhin , Rana Shahout , Nikita Ivkin , Vladimir Braverman , Minlan Yu

Federated learning (FL) offers privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning, optimizing models at edge clients without sharing private data. Simultaneously, foundation models (FMs) have gained traction in the artificial intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

Federated learning (FL) is a new paradigm for distributed machine learning that allows a global model to be trained across multiple clients without compromising their privacy. Although FL has demonstrated remarkable success in various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Haolin Wang , Xuefeng Liu , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jiaxing Shen

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning technique that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train models without requiring clients to reveal their raw data to each other. Although traditional FL trains a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Junki Mori , Tomoyuki Yoshiyama , Furukawa Ryo , Isamu Teranishi

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized devices while preserving data privacy. However, real-world FL deployments face critical challenges such as data imbalances, including label noise and non-IID…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Siqi Zhu , Joshua D. Kaggie

Multimodal Federated Learning (MFL) lies at the intersection of two pivotal research areas: leveraging complementary information from multiple modalities to improve downstream inference performance and enabling distributed training to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yuanzhe Peng , Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Yin Huang , Jie Xu

Federated Learning (FL) has gained prominence as a decentralized machine learning paradigm, allowing clients to collaboratively train a global model while preserving data privacy. Despite its potential, FL faces significant challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Simin Javaherian , Bryce Turney , Li Chen , Nian-Feng Tzeng

Numerous research recently proposed integrating Federated Learning (FL) to address the privacy concerns of using machine learning in privacy-sensitive firms. However, the standards of the available frameworks can no longer sustain the rapid…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Mohamad Arafeh , Hadi Otrok , Hakima Ould-Slimane , Azzam Mourad , Chamseddine Talhi , Ernesto Damiani

Federated Learning (FL) is a novel, multidisciplinary Machine Learning paradigm where multiple clients, such as mobile devices, collaborate to solve machine learning problems. Initially introduced in Kone{\v{c}}n{\'y} et al. (2016a,b);…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Konstantin Burlachenko

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising paradigm for realizing edge intelligence, allowing collaborative learning among distributed edge devices by sharing models instead of raw data. However, the shared models are often assumed to be ideal,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Dongzi Jin , Yong Xiao , Yingyu Li

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for decentralized machine learning, enabling collaborative model training across diverse clients without sharing raw data. However, traditional FL approaches often face limitations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Ali Forootani , Raffaele Iervolino

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm that allows a model to be trained across a number of participants without sharing data. Recent works have begun to consider the effects of using pre-trained models as an initialization point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Gwen Legate , Nicolas Bernier , Lucas Caccia , Edouard Oyallon , Eugene Belilovsky

Federated Learning (FL) systems evolve in heterogeneous and ever-evolving environments that challenge their performance. Under real deployments, the learning tasks of clients can also evolve with time, which calls for the integration of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Bart Cox , Jeroen Galjaard , Aditya Shankar , Jérémie Decouchant , Lydia Y. Chen

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that allows decentralized clients to learn collaboratively without sharing their private data. However, excessive computation and communication demands pose challenges to current FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Yue Tan , Guodong Long , Jie Ma , Lu Liu , Tianyi Zhou , Jing Jiang

The increasing demand for privacy-preserving collaborative learning has given rise to a new computing paradigm called federated learning (FL), in which clients collaboratively train a machine learning (ML) model without revealing their…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Zhifeng Jiang , Wei Wang , Bo Li , Qiang Yang