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A recent theoretical analysis shows the equivalence between non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and spectral clustering based approach to subspace clustering. As NMF and many of its variants are essentially linear, we introduce a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-08 Dijana Tolic , Nino Antulov-Fantulin , Ivica Kopriva

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is one of the most frequently-used matrix factorization models in data analysis. A significant reason to the popularity of NMF is its interpretability and the `parts of whole' interpretation of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-19 Sanjar Karaev , James Hook , Pauli Miettinen

Factor analysis is broadly used as a powerful unsupervised machine learning tool for reconstruction of hidden features in recorded mixtures of signals. In the case of a linear approximation, the mixtures can be decomposed by a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Filip L. Iliev , Valentin G. Stanev , Velimir V. Vesselinov , Boian S. Alexandrov

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is the problem of approximating an input nonnegative matrix, $V$, as the product of two smaller nonnegative matrices, $W$ and $H$. In this paper, we introduce a general framework to design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Valentin Leplat , Nicolas Gillis , Jérôme Idier

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a key technique for feature extraction and widely used in source separation. However, existing algorithms may converge to poor local minima, or to one of several minima with similar objective value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Youdong Guo , Timothy E. Holy

Topic modeling is a technique for organizing and extracting themes from large collections of unstructured text. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a common unsupervised approach that decomposes a term frequency-inverse document…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Selma Wanna , Ryan Barron , Nick Solovyev , Maksim E. Eren , Manish Bhattarai , Kim Rasmussen , Boian S. Alexandrov

Non-negative matrix factorization with transform learning (TL-NMF) is a recent idea that aims at learning data representations suited to NMF. In this work, we relate TL-NMF to the classical matrix joint-diagonalization (JD) problem. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Sixin Zhang , Emmanuel Soubies , Cédric Févotte

Low dimensional nonlinear structure abounds in datasets across computer vision and machine learning. Kernelized matrix factorization techniques have recently been proposed to learn these nonlinear structures for denoising, classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Jicong Fan , Chengrun Yang , Madeleine Udell

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) based topic modeling is widely used in natural language processing (NLP) to uncover hidden topics of short text documents. Usually, training a high-quality topic model requires large amount of textual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Shijing Si , Jianzong Wang , Ruiyi Zhang , Qinliang Su , Jing Xiao

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is an important tool in signal processing and widely used to separate mixed sources into their components. Algorithms for NMF require that the user choose the number of components in advance, and if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Youdong Guo , Timothy E. Holy

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (SymNMF) has important applications in data analytics problems such as document clustering, community detection and image segmentation. In this paper, we propose a novel nonconvex variable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-27 Songtao Lu , Mingyi Hong , Zhengdao Wang

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a widely used linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data. NMF requires that each data point is approximated by a convex combination of basis elements. Archetypal analysis (AA),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-31 Pierre De Handschutter , Nicolas Gillis , Arnaud Vandaele , Xavier Siebert

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) under the separability assumption can provably be solved efficiently, even in the presence of noise, and has been shown to be a powerful technique in document classification and hyperspectral unmixing.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-02 Nicolas Gillis , Stephen A. Vavasis

Given a matrix $M$ (not necessarily nonnegative) and a factorization rank $r$, semi-nonnegative matrix factorization (semi-NMF) looks for a matrix $U$ with $r$ columns and a nonnegative matrix $V$ with $r$ rows such that $UV$ is the best…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-10-28 Nicolas Gillis , Abhishek Kumar

Reduced biquaternion (RB), as a four-dimensional algebra highly suitable for representing color pixels, has recently garnered significant attention from numerous scholars. In this paper, for color image processing problems, we introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Jifei Miao , Junjun Pan , Michael K. Ng

Non-negative matrix factorization with the generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence (NMF) and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) are two popular approaches for dimensionality reduction of non-negative data. Here, we show that NMF with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Benedikt Geiger , Peter J. Park

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) was popularized as a tool for data mining by Lee and Seung in 1999. NMF attempts to approximate a matrix with nonnegative entries by a product of two low-rank matrices, also with nonnegative entries.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2008-05-02 Michael Biggs , Ali Ghodsi , Stephen Vavasis

Recently, nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely adopted for community detection, because of its better interpretability. However, the existing NMF-based methods have the following three problems: 1) they directly transform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Yuecheng Li , Jialong Chen , Chuan Chen , Lei Yang , Zibin Zheng

Non-negative matrix factorization is a problem of dimensionality reduction and source separation of data that has been widely used in many fields since it was studied in depth in 1999 by Lee and Seung, including in compression of data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Raimon Fabregat , Nelly Pustelnik , Paulo Gonçalves , Pierre Borgnat

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization(NMF) is a common used technique in machine learning to extract features out of data such as text documents and images thanks to its natural clustering properties. In particular, it is popular in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Giovanni Barbarino