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Recent advancements in language models have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning abilities, prompting the exploration of in-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) to extend the promise to decision domains. Due to involving more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jinmei Liu , Fuhong Liu , Zhenhong Sun , Jianye Hao , Huaxiong Li , Bo Wang , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Zhi Wang

Multimodal in-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a key mechanism for harnessing the capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, its effectiveness remains highly sensitive to the quality of input ICL sequences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yanshu Li , Jianjiang Yang , Tian Yun , Pinyuan Feng , Jinfa Huang , Ruixiang Tang

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful models that can learn concepts at the inference stage via in-context learning (ICL). While theoretical studies, e.g., \cite{zhang2023trained}, attempt to explain the mechanism of ICL, they assume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yue Xing , Xiaofeng Lin , Chenheng Xu , Namjoon Suh , Qifan Song , Guang Cheng

Visual In-Context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a promising research area due to its capability to accomplish various tasks with limited example pairs through analogical reasoning. However, training-based visual ICL has limitations in its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Zheng Gu , Shiyuan Yang , Jing Liao , Jing Huo , Yang Gao

Large Language Models(LLMs) have been attracting attention due to a ability called in-context learning(ICL). ICL, without updating the parameters of a LLM, it is possible to achieve highly accurate inference based on rules ``in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Toma Tanaka , Naofumi Emoto , Tsukasa Yumibayashi

In-Context Learning (ICL) is a technique by which language models make predictions based on examples provided in their input context. Previously, their context window size imposed a limit on the number of examples that can be shown, making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jinheon Baek , Sun Jae Lee , Prakhar Gupta , Geunseob Oh , Siddharth Dalmia , Prateek Kolhar

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) often struggle with fine-grained perception, such as identifying small objects in high-resolution images or detecting key moments in long videos. Existing methods typically rely on complex,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Sanghwan Kim , Rui Xiao , Stephan Alaniz , Yongqin Xian , Zeynep Akata

This paper presents INPROVF, an automatic framework that combines large language models (LLMs) and formal methods to speed up the repair process of high-level robot controllers. Previous approaches based solely on formal methods are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Qian Meng , Jin Peng Zhou , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Hadas Kress-Gazit

Sequence models have demonstrated the ability to perform tasks like channel equalization and symbol detection by automatically adapting to current channel conditions. This is done without requiring any explicit optimization and by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-01 Zihang Song , Matteo Zecchin , Bipin Rajendran , Osvaldo Simeone

In-Context Learning (ICL) has been a powerful emergent property of large language models that has attracted increasing attention in recent years. In contrast to regular gradient-based learning, ICL is highly interpretable and does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Brian K Chen , Tianyang Hu , Hui Jin , Hwee Kuan Lee , Kenji Kawaguchi

The quality of output from large language models (LLMs), particularly in machine translation (MT), is closely tied to the quality of in-context examples (ICEs) provided along with the query, i.e., the text to translate. The effectiveness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Javad Pourmostafa Roshan Sharami , Dimitar Shterionov , Pieter Spronck

In-context learning (ICL) enhances the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by prepending a few demonstrations. It motivates researchers to introduce more examples to provide additional contextual information for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jun Gao , Qi Lv , Zili Wang , Tianxiang Wu , Ziqiang Cao , Wenjie Li

With the rising popularity of Transformer-based large language models (LLMs), reducing their high inference costs has become a significant research focus. One effective approach is to compress the long input contexts. Existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Xiangfeng Wang , Zaiyi Chen , Zheyong Xie , Tong Xu , Yongyi He , Enhong Chen

Recently, In-context Learning (ICL) has become a significant inference paradigm in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), utilizing a few in-context demonstrations (ICDs) to prompt LMMs for new tasks. However, the synergistic effects in multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuchu Jiang , Jiale Fu , Chenduo Hao , Xinting Hu , Yingzhe Peng , Xin Geng , Xu Yang

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) aims to ensure their outputs adhere to human values, ethical standards, and legal norms. Traditional alignment methods often rely on resource-intensive fine-tuning (FT), which may suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Birong Pan , Yongqi Li , Weiyu Zhang , Wenpeng Lu , Mayi Xu , Shen Zhou , Yuanyuan Zhu , Ming Zhong , Tieyun Qian

Neural sequence models based on the transformer architecture have demonstrated remarkable \emph{in-context learning} (ICL) abilities, where they can perform new tasks when prompted with training and test examples, without any parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Yu Bai , Fan Chen , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Song Mei

In-context learning (ICL) is an astonishing emergent ability of large language models (LLMs). By presenting a prompt that includes multiple input-output pairs as examples and introducing a new query input, models can generate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Timothy Chu , Zhao Song , Chiwun Yang

In-Context Learning (ICL) enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) with demonstrations. However, obtaining these demonstrations primarily relies on manual effort. In most real-world scenarios, users are often unwilling or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Lingxiao Zou , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

The evaluation datasets and metrics for image manipulation detection and localization (IMDL) research have been standardized. But the training dataset for such a task is still nonstandard. Previous researchers have used unconventional and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Soumyaroop Nandi , Prem Natarajan , Wael Abd-Almageed

In-Context Learning (ICL) empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) for rapid task adaptation without Fine-Tuning (FT), but its reliance on demonstration selection remains a critical challenge. While many-shot ICL shows promising performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jianfei Zhang , Bei Li , Jun Bai , Rumei Li , Yanmeng Wang , Chenghua Lin , Wenge Rong