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As Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to both research and daily operations, rigorous evaluation is crucial. This assessment is important not only for individual tasks but also for understanding their societal impact and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Kari Systä , Pekka Abrahamsson

Code security and usability are both essential for various coding assistant applications driven by large language models (LLMs). Current code security benchmarks focus solely on single evaluation task and paradigm, such as code completion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yutao Mou , Xiao Deng , Yuxiao Luo , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

As language models (LMs) are used to build autonomous agents in real environments, ensuring their adversarial robustness becomes a critical challenge. Unlike chatbots, agents are compound systems with multiple components taking actions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Chen Henry Wu , Rishi Shah , Jing Yu Koh , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Daniel Fried , Aditi Raghunathan

Recently, large language model (LLM)-based agents have achieved significant success in interactive environments, attracting significant academic and industrial attention. Despite these advancements, current research predominantly focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Peng Wang , Ruihan Tao , Qiguang Chen , Mengkang Hu , Libo Qin

We introduce EconWebArena, a benchmark for evaluating autonomous agents on complex, multimodal economic tasks in realistic web environments. The benchmark comprises 360 curated tasks from 82 authoritative websites spanning domains such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zefang Liu , Yinzhu Quan

Computer-use agent (CUA) frameworks, powered by large language models (LLMs) or multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), are rapidly maturing as assistants that can perceive context, reason, and act directly within software environments. Among their most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Weidi Luo , Qiming Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Xiaogeng Liu , Bin Hu , Hung-Chun Chiu , Siyuan Ma , Yizhe Zhang , Xusheng Xiao , Yinzhi Cao , Zhen Xiang , Chaowei Xiao

As LLMs are increasingly deployed as agents, reliable assessment of their agentic capabilities has become essential. However, reported benchmark scores often jointly reflect model capability and the implementation choices each benchmark is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Pengyu Zhu , Lijun Li , Yaxing Lyu , Qianxin Luo , Jingyi Yang , Yi Liu , Tingfeng Hui , Xinyu Yuan , Li Sun , Sen Su , Jing Shao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in cybersecurity applications but have also caused lower confidence due to problems like hallucinations and a lack of truthfulness. Existing benchmarks provide general evaluations but…

We study the use of large language model-based agents for interacting with software via web browsers. Unlike prior work, we focus on measuring the agents' ability to perform tasks that span the typical daily work of knowledge workers…

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited great potential in autonomously completing tasks across real-world applications. Despite this, these LLM agents introduce unexpected safety risks when operating in interactive environments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Tongxin Yuan , Zhiwei He , Lingzhong Dong , Yiming Wang , Ruijie Zhao , Tian Xia , Lizhen Xu , Binglin Zhou , Fangqi Li , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Gongshen Liu

Large Language Models increasingly power critical infrastructure from healthcare to finance, yet their vulnerability to adversarial manipulation threatens system integrity and user safety. Despite growing deployment, no comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Taiwo Onitiju , Iman Vakilinia

The potential of Large Language Model (LLM) as agents has been widely acknowledged recently. Thus, there is an urgent need to quantitatively \textit{evaluate LLMs as agents} on challenging tasks in interactive environments. We present…

LLM web agents now browse and take actions on the open web, yet current agent evaluations are constrained to sandboxed environments or artificial tasks. We introduce BrowserArena, a live open-web agent evaluation platform that collects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Sagnik Anupam , Davis Brown , Shuo Li , Eric Wong , Hamed Hassani , Osbert Bastani

Security incident analysis (SIA) poses a major challenge for security operations centers, which must manage overwhelming alert volumes, large and diverse data sources, complex toolchains, and limited analyst expertise. These difficulties…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Sourov Jajodia , Madeena Sultana , Suryadipta Majumdar , Adrian Taylor , Grant Vandenberghe

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently played a dominant role in multimodal vision-language learning. Despite the great success, it lacks a holistic evaluation of their efficacy. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Peng Xu , Wenqi Shao , Kaipeng Zhang , Peng Gao , Shuo Liu , Meng Lei , Fanqing Meng , Siyuan Huang , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

Multimodal agents are making rapid progress on general computer-use tasks, yet existing benchmarks remain largely confined to browsers and basic desktop applications, falling short in professional software workflows that dominate real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jiaxin Ai , Yukang Feng , Fanrui Zhang , Jianwen Sun , Zizhen Li , Chuanhao Li , Yifan Chang , Wenxiao Wu , Ruoxi Wang , Mingliang Zhai , Kaipeng Zhang

The integration of large language model (LLM) agents into telecom networks introduces new challenges, related to intent recognition, tool execution, and resolution generation, while taking into consideration different operational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Lina Bariah , Brahim Mefgouda , Farbod Tavakkoli , Enrique Molero , Louis Powell , Merouane Debbah

Embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs) inherit advanced planning capabilities; however, their direct interaction with the physical world exposes them to safety vulnerabilities. In this work, we identify four key reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ruolin Chen , Yinqian Sun , Jihang Wang , Mingyang Lv , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed to automate productivity tasks (e.g., email, scheduling, document management), but evaluating them on live services is risky due to potentially irreversible changes. Existing…

The code generation capabilities of large language models(LLMs) have emerged as a critical dimension in evaluating their overall performance. However, prior research has largely overlooked the security risks inherent in the generated code.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Xinghang Li , Jingzhe Ding , Chao Peng , Bing Zhao , Xiang Gao , Hongwan Gao , Xinchen Gu
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