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Despite the success of vision-language models in various generative tasks, obtaining high-quality semantic representations for products and user intents is still challenging due to the inability of off-the-shelf models to capture nuanced…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Omkar Gurjar , Kin Sum Liu , Praveen Kolli , Utsaw Kumar , Mandar Rahurkar

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as federated learning (FL)-based time series foundation models offers a promising way to transfer the generalization capabilities of LLMs to time series data while preserving access to private data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Liwei Deng , Qingxiang Liu , Xinhe Niu , Shengchao Chen , Sheng Sun , Yuankai Wu , Guodong Long , Yuxuan Liang

Autonomous driving has attracted much attention over the years but turns out to be harder than expected, probably due to the difficulty of labeled data collection for model training. Self-supervised learning (SSL), which leverages unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Kai Chen , Lanqing Hong , Hang Xu , Zhenguo Li , Dit-Yan Yeung

This paper introduces MotionGlot, a model that can generate motion across multiple embodiments with different action dimensions, such as quadruped robots and human bodies. By leveraging the well-established training procedures commonly used…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Sudarshan Harithas , Srinath Sridhar

Foundation models have emerged as a powerful approach for processing electronic health records (EHRs), offering flexibility to handle diverse medical data modalities. In this study, we present a comprehensive benchmark that evaluates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Kunyu Yu , Rui Yang , Jingchi Liao , Siqi Li , Huitao Li , Irene Li , Yifan Peng , Rishikesan Kamaleswaran , Nan Liu

Foundation models in computational pathology promise to unlock the development of new clinical decision support systems and models for precision medicine. However, there is a mismatch between most clinical analysis, which is defined at the…

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals provide a promising and involuntary reflection of brain activity related to emotional states, offering significant advantages over behavioral cues like facial expressions. However, EEG signals are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Kai Cui , Jia Li , Yu Liu , Xuesong Zhang , Zhenzhen Hu , Meng Wang

Multi-modal fusion approaches aim to integrate information from different data sources. Unlike natural datasets, such as in audio-visual applications, where samples consist of "paired" modalities, data in healthcare is often collected…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Nasir Hayat , Krzysztof J. Geras , Farah E. Shamout

Multimodal semantic communication has gained widespread attention due to its ability to enhance downstream task performance. A key challenge in such systems is the effective fusion of features from different modalities, which requires the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Haoshuo Zhang , Yufei Bo , Hongwei Zhang , Meixia Tao

Self-supervised speech (SSL) models have recently become widely adopted for many downstream speech processing tasks. The general usage pattern is to employ SSL models as feature extractors, and then train a downstream prediction head to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yi-Jen Shih , David Harwath

Effective foundation modeling in remote sensing requires spatially aligned heterogeneous modalities coupled with semantically grounded supervision, yet such resources remain limited at scale. We present GeoMeld, a large-scale multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Maram Hasan , Md Aminur Hossain , Savitra Roy , Souparna Bhowmik , Ayush V. Patel , Mainak Singha , Subhasis Chaudhuri , Muhammad Haris Khan , Biplab Banerjee

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and biomedical foundation models (BioFMs) have achieved strong results in biological text reasoning, molecular modeling, and single-cell analysis, yet they remain siloed in disjoint embedding…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-03 Ching-Huei Tsou , Michal Ozery-Flato , Ella Barkan , Diwakar Mahajan , Ben Shapira

Confidence-based pseudo-labeling is among the dominant approaches in semi-supervised learning (SSL). It relies on including high-confidence predictions made on unlabeled data as additional targets to train the model. We propose ProtoCon, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Islam Nassar , Munawar Hayat , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Hamid Rezatofighi , Gholamreza Haffari

We introduce ProtoPathway, an interpretable-by-design multimodal framework for cancer survival prediction that unifies whole slide imaging and transcriptomics through encoders producing biologically grounded representations on both sides of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Amaya Gallagher-Syed , Costantino Pitzalis , Myles J. Lewis , Michael R. Barnes , Gregory Slabaugh

Discovering materials with desirable properties in an efficient way remains a significant problem in materials science. Many studies have tackled this problem by using different sets of information available about the materials. Among them,…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-04 Onur Boyar , Indra Priyadarsini , Seiji Takeda , Lisa Hamada

Time-series foundation models excel at tasks like forecasting across diverse data types by leveraging informative waveform representations. Wearable sensing data, however, pose unique challenges due to their variability in patterns and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yunfei Luo , Yuliang Chen , Asif Salekin , Tauhidur Rahman

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) enables non-contact physiological measurement but remains highly susceptible to illumination changes, motion artifacts, and limited temporal modeling. Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at capturing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yiping Xie , Bo Zhao , Mingtong Dai , Jian-Ping Zhou , Yue Sun , Tao Tan , Weicheng Xie , Linlin Shen , Zitong Yu

Depression, a prevalent mental health disorder impacting millions globally, demands reliable assessment systems. Unlike previous studies that focus solely on either detecting depression or predicting its severity, our work identifies…

Simulation plays a central role in scientific discovery. In many applications, the bottleneck is no longer running a simulator; it is choosing among large families of plausible simulators, each corresponding to different forward…

Electroencephalography (EEG) emotion recognition plays a crucial role in human-computer interaction, particularly in healthcare and neuroscience. While supervised learning has been widely used, its reliance on manual annotations introduces…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Hanqi Wang , Yang Liu , Peng Ye , Liang Song