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Owing to some special characteristics and features, blockchain is a very useful technique that can securely organize diverse devices in a smart city. It finds wide applications, especially in distributed environments, where entities such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Jiahui Chen , Wensheng Gan , Muchuang Hu , Chien-Ming Chen

Blockchains have gained substantial attention from academia and industry for their ability to facilitate decentralized trust and communications. However, the rapid progress of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the security of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Zebo Yang , Haneen Alfauri , Behrooz Farkiani , Raj Jain , Roberto Di Pietro , Aiman Erbad

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) introduces significant computational and communication overhead, which poses challenges for resource-constrained computer systems, Internet of Things (IoT), and Industrial IoT (IIoT) devices. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jonatan Rassekhnia

As the quantum computing era approaches, securing classical cryptographic protocols becomes imperative. Public key cryptography is widely used for signature and key exchange but it is the type of cryptography more threatened by quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Grazia D'Onghia , Diana Gratiela Berbecaru , Antonio Lioy

Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger technology that ensures transparency, security, and immutability through cryptographic techniques. However, advancements in quantum computing threaten the security of classical cryptographic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Nicholas J. C. Papadopoulos

As quantum computing advances, the cryptographic algorithms that underpin confidentiality, integrity, and authentication in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) face increasing vulnerability to quantum-enabled attacks. To address these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Abdullah Al Mamun , Akid Abrar , Mizanur Rahman , M Sabbir Salek , Mashrur Chowdhury

5G enables digital innovation by integrating diverse services, making security especially primary authentication crucial. Two standardized protocols, 5G AKA and EAP AKA', handle authentication for 3GPP and non 3GPP devices. However, 5G AKA…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yongho Ko , I Wayan Adi Juliawan Pawana , Ilsun You

The rise of large-scale quantum computing poses a significant threat to traditional cryptographic security measures. Quantum attacks undermine current asymmetric cryptographic algorithms, rendering them ineffective. Even symmetric key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yaser Baseri , Vikas Chouhan , Ali Ghorbani , Aaron Chow

Networks such as the Internet are essential for our connected world. Quantum computing poses a threat to this heterogeneous infrastructure since it threatens fundamental security mechanisms. Therefore, a migration to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Christian Näther , Daniel Herzinger , Stefan-Lukas Gazdag , Jan-Philipp Steghöfer , Simon Daum , Daniel Loebenberger

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is crucial for securing data against emerging quantum threats. However, its algorithms are computationally complex and difficult to implement efficiently on hardware. In this paper, we explore the potential…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yuchao Liao , Tosiron Adegbija , Roman Lysecky

The key cryptographic protocols used to secure the internet and financial transactions of today are all susceptible to attack by the development of a sufficiently large quantum computer. One particular area at risk are cryptocurrencies, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-07 Divesh Aggarwal , Gavin K. Brennen , Troy Lee , Miklos Santha , Marco Tomamichel

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is a rapidly growing deployment challenge as cryptographically relevant quantum computers (CRQC) continue to advance, leaving traditional cryptographic algorithms used in X.509 vulnerable to attack. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Matthew Chou , Phuong Cao

Crypto-wallets or digital asset wallets are a crucial aspect of managing cryptocurrencies and other digital assets such as NFTs. However, these wallets are not immune to security threats, particularly from the growing risk of quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Yathin Kethepalli , Rony Joseph , Sai Raja Vajrala , Jashwanth Vemula , Nenavath Srinivas Naik

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide information theoretically secure key exchange even in the era of quantum computer. However, QKD requires the classical channel to be authenticated, and the current method is pre-sharing symmetric…

The advent of quantum computing poses a significant challenge as it has the potential to break certain cryptographic algorithms, necessitating a proactive approach to identify and modernize cryptographic code. Identifying these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Micha Moffie , Omer Boehm , Anatoly Koyfman , Eyal Bin , Efrayim Sztokman , Sukanta Bhattacharjee , Meghnath Saha , James McGugan

Collaborative threat intelligence via federated learning (FL) faces critical risks from quantum computing, which can compromise classical encryption methods. This study proposes a quantum-secure FL framework using post-quantum cryptography…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Prabhudarshi Nayak , Gogulakrishnan Thiyagarajan , Ritunsa Mishra , Vinay Bist

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is becoming essential for securing Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT (IIoT) systems against quantum-enabled adversaries. However, existing evaluation approaches primarily focus on isolated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jonatan Rassekhnia

Due to the current standard of Security Credential Management System (SCMS) for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications using asymmetric cryptography, specifically Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC), which may be vulnerable to quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Abel C. H. Chen , Bon-Yeh Lin

This paper explores the coexistence possibilities of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) and blockchain-based cryptocurrencies within a post-quantum computing landscape. It examines the implications of emerging quantum algorithms and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg , Pythagoras Petratos , Alessio Faccia

In this work, the conventional cryptographic algorithms used in the 5G Core are replaced with post-quantum alternatives and the practical impact of this transition is evaluated. Using a simulation environment, we model the registration and…

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