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Diffusion models can learn rich representations during data generation, showing potential for Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), but they face a trade-off between generative quality and discriminative performance. Their iterative sampling also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Kosuke Ukita , Tsuyoshi Okita

Aligning generative diffusion models with human preferences via reinforcement learning (RL) is critical yet challenging. Most existing algorithms are often vulnerable to reward hacking, such as quality degradation, over-stylization, or…

We propose a new framework for imitation learning -- treating imitation as a two-player ranking-based game between a policy and a reward. In this game, the reward agent learns to satisfy pairwise performance rankings between behaviors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Harshit Sikchi , Akanksha Saran , Wonjoon Goo , Scott Niekum

The framework of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides a powerful and widely applicable mathematical formalization for sequential decision-making. This paper present a novel DRL framework, termed \emph{$f$-Divergence Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Chen Gong , Qiang He , Yunpeng Bai , Zhou Yang , Xiaoyu Chen , Xinwen Hou , Xianjie Zhang , Yu Liu , Guoliang Fan

Likelihood-based policy gradient methods are the dominant approach for training robot control policies from rewards. These methods rely on differentiable action likelihoods, which constrain policy outputs to simple distributions like…

Continual learning in robotics seeks systems that can constantly adapt to changing environments and tasks, mirroring human adaptability. A key challenge is refining dynamics models, essential for planning and control, while addressing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alejandro Murillo-Gonzalez , Lantao Liu

This paper proposes a method to combine reinforcement learning (RL) and imitation learning (IL) using a dynamic, performance-based modulation over learning signals. The proposed method combines RL and behavioral cloning (IL), or corrective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Francisco Leiva , Javier Ruiz-del-Solar

Recent advances at the intersection of reinforcement learning (RL) and visual intelligence have enabled agents that not only perceive complex visual scenes but also reason, generate, and act within them. This survey offers a critical and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Weijia Wu , Chen Gao , Joya Chen , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Qingwei Meng , Yiming Zhang , Yuke Qiu , Hong Zhou , Mike Zheng Shou

We propose RLAnything, a reinforcement learning framework that dynamically forges environment, policy, and reward models through closed-loop optimization, amplifying learning signals and strengthening the overall RL system for any LLM or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yinjie Wang , Tianbao Xie , Ke Shen , Mengdi Wang , Ling Yang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (\textbf{RLHF}) has emerged as a dominant approach for aligning LLM outputs with human preferences. Inspired by the success of RLHF, we study the performance of multiple algorithms that learn from…

Diffusion and flow-matching models scale because pretraining is supervised regression: a clean sample is noised analytically, and a model regresses against a closed-form target. RL post-training aligns the model with a reward. In image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Andreas Bergmeister , Stefanie Jegelka , Nikolas Nüsken , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Jakiw Pidstrigach

Resource allocation plays a critical role in minimizing cycle time and improving the efficiency of business processes. Recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful technique to optimize resource allocation policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jeroen Middelhuis , Zaharah Bukhsh , Ivo Adan , Remco Dijkman

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been extensively employed in a wide range of decision-making problems, such as games and robotics. Recently, diffusion policies have shown strong potential in modeling multi-modal behaviors, enabling more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ben Liu , Shunpeng Yang , Hua Chen

Humans are masters at quickly learning many complex tasks, relying on an approximate understanding of the dynamics of their environments. In much the same way, we would like our learning agents to quickly adapt to new tasks. In this paper,…

Traditional stochastic control methods in finance rely on simplifying assumptions that often fail in real world markets. While these methods work well in specific, well defined scenarios, they underperform when market conditions change. We…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-23 Yang Li , Zhi Chen , Steve Y. Yang , Ruixun Zhang

Learned models of the environment provide reinforcement learning (RL) agents with flexible ways of making predictions about the environment. In particular, models enable planning, i.e. using more computation to improve value functions or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Gregory Farquhar , Kate Baumli , Zita Marinho , Angelos Filos , Matteo Hessel , Hado van Hasselt , David Silver

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is known for its strong decision-making capabilities and has been widely applied in various real-world scenarios. However, with the increasing availability of offline datasets and the lack of well-designed online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Hanping Zhang , Yuhong Guo

As humans increasingly share environments with diverse agents powered by RL, LLMs, and beyond, the ability to explain agent policies in natural language is vital for reliable coexistence. We introduce a general-purpose framework that trains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xinyi Yang , Liang Zeng , Heng Dong , Chao Yu , Xiaoran Wu , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang , Milind Tambe , Tonghan Wang

Integrating expressive generative policies, such as flow-matching models, into offline reinforcement learning (RL) allows agents to capture complex, multi-modal behaviors. While Q-learning with Adjoint Matching (QAM) stabilizes policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Abdelghani Ghanem , Mounir Ghogho

Model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) generally suffers from poor sample complexity, mostly due to the need to exhaustively explore the state-action space to find well-performing policies. On the other hand, we postulate that expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Loris Di Natale , Bratislav Svetozarevic , Philipp Heer , Colin N. Jones