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A new class of general exponential ranking models is introduced which we label angle-based models for ranking data. A consensus score vector is assumed, which assigns scores to a set of items, where the scores reflect a consensus view of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-27 Hang Xu , Mayer Alvo , Philip L. H. Yu

Current alignment pipelines presume a single, universal notion of desirable behavior. However, human preferences often diverge across users, contexts, and cultures. As a result, disagreement collapses into the majority signal and minority…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Daniel Halpern , Evi Micha , Ariel D. Procaccia , Itai Shapira

Neural network-based methods for (un)conditional density estimation have recently gained substantial attention, as various neural density estimators have outperformed classical approaches in real-data experiments. Despite these empirical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-02 Dehao Dai , Jianqing Fan , Yihong Gu , Debarghya Mukherjee

Score-based divergences have been widely used in machine learning and statistics applications. Despite their empirical success, a blindness problem has been observed when using these for multi-modal distributions. In this work, we discuss…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-25 Mingtian Zhang , Oscar Key , Peter Hayes , David Barber , Brooks Paige , François-Xavier Briol

We introduce a method based on Gaussian process regression to identify discrete variational principles from observed solutions of a field theory. The method is based on the data-based identification of a discrete Lagrangian density. It is a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-11 Christian Offen

Score-based generative models have demonstrated significant practical success in data-generating tasks. The models establish a diffusion process that perturbs the ground truth data to Gaussian noise and then learn the reverse process to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ziqing Wen , Xiaoge Deng , Ping Luo , Tao Sun , Dongsheng Li

Evaluating the pedagogical quality of AI tutors remains challenging: standard NLG metrics do not determine whether responses identify mistakes, scaffold reasoning, or avoid revealing the answers. For the task of mistake remediation, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Kseniia Petukhova , Ekaterina Kochmar

Interleaving is an online evaluation approach for information retrieval systems that compares the effectiveness of ranking functions in interpreting the users' implicit feedback. Previous work such as Hofmann et al (2011) has evaluated the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Alessandro Benedetti , Anna Ruggero

Kernel density estimation is a widely used nonparametric approach to estimate an unknown distribution. Recent work in Bayesian predictive inference has considered stochastic processes formed by specifying the predictive distribution for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-15 Torey Hilbert

Debiased collaborative filtering aims to learn an unbiased prediction model by removing different biases in observational datasets. To solve this problem, one of the simple and effective methods is based on the propensity score, which…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Haoxuan Li , Chunyuan Zheng , Yanghao Xiao , Peng Wu , Zhi Geng , Xu Chen , Peng Cui

The density estimation is one of the core problems in statistics. Despite this, existing techniques like maximum likelihood estimation are computationally inefficient due to the intractability of the normalizing constant. For this reason an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Tsimboy Olga , Yermek Kapushev , Evgeny Burnaev , Ivan Oseledets

In this technical report, we consider conditional density estimation with a maximum likelihood approach. Under weak assumptions, we obtain a theoretical bound for a Kullback-Leibler type loss for a single model maximum likelihood estimate.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-07-11 Serge Cohen , Erwan Le Pennec

Accurate probabilistic predictions can be characterized by two properties -- calibration and sharpness. However, standard maximum likelihood training yields models that are poorly calibrated and thus inaccurate -- a 90% confidence interval…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Volodymyr Kuleshov , Shachi Deshpande

In this paper we study the problem of pointwise density estimation from observations with multiplicative measurement errors. We elucidate the main feature of this problem: the influence of the estimation point on the estimation accuracy. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-13 Denis Belomestny , Alexander Goldenshluger

Regression problems are traditionally analyzed via univariate characteristics like the regression function, scale function and marginal density of regression errors. These characteristics are useful and informative whenever the association…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Sam Efromovich

The performance and ease of use of deep learning-based binary classifiers have improved significantly in recent years. This has opened up the potential for automating critical inspection tasks, which have traditionally only been trusted to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Thorbjørn Mosekjær Iversen , Zebin Duan , Frederik Hagelskjær

Score-based diffusion models, while achieving remarkable empirical performance, often suffer from low sampling speed, due to extensive function evaluations needed during the sampling phase. Despite a flurry of recent activities towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Gen Li , Yu Huang , Timofey Efimov , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

This paper introduces the Bradley-Terry Regression Trunk model, a novel probabilistic approach for the analysis of preference data expressed through paired comparison rankings. In some cases, it may be reasonable to assume that the…

We propose a new \textit{quadratic programming-based} method of approximating a nonstandard density using a multivariate Gaussian density. Such nonstandard densities usually arise while developing posterior samplers for unobserved…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-02-14 Abhishek K. Umrawal , Joshua C. C. Chan

We begin by introducing a class of conditional density estimators based on local polynomial techniques. The estimators are boundary adaptive and easy to implement. We then study the (pointwise and) uniform statistical properties of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Matias D. Cattaneo , Rajita Chandak , Michael Jansson , Xinwei Ma