Related papers: Complete Resolution of B.Shapiro's Conjecture 12

We introduce a canonical notion of entropy for polynomials analogue to that of random variables in probability. We prove that entropy increases smoothly with respect to finite free addition. In particular we get the new inequality : $…

Sendov's conjecture asserts that if a complex polynomial $f$ of degree $n \geq 2$ has all of its zeroes in closed unit disk $\{ z: |z| \leq 1 \}$, then for each such zero $\lambda_0$ there is a zero of the derivative $f'$ in the closed unit…

B\'ona conjectured that the descent polynomials on $(n-2)$-stack sortable permutations have only real zeros. Br\"and\'en proved this conjecture by establishing a more general result. In this paper, we give another proof of Br\"and\'en's…

Artin solved Hilbert's 17th problem, proving that a real polynomial in $n$ variables that is positive semidefinite is a sum of squares of rational functions, and Pfister showed that only $2^n$ squares are needed. In this paper, we…

For a real polynomial $p = \sum_{i=0}^{n} c_ix^i$ with no negative coefficients and $n\geq 6$, let $\beta (p) = \inf_{i=1}^{n-1} c_i^2/c_{i+1}c_{i-1}$ (so $\beta (p) \geq 1$ entails that $p$ is log concave). If $\beta(p) > 1.45...$, then…

We prove Odoni's conjecture in all prime degrees; namely, we prove that for every positive prime $p$, there exists a degree $p$ polynomial $\varphi\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ with surjective arboreal Galois representation. We also show that Vojta's…

For an odd prime $p$, we say $f(X) \in {\mathbb F}_p[X]$ computes square roots in $\mathbb F_p$ if, for all nonzero perfect squares $a \in \mathbb F_p$, we have $f(a)^2 = a$. When $p \equiv 3 \mod 4$, it is well known that $f(X) =…

We evaluate the number of monic polynomials (of arbitrary degree $N$) the zeros of which equal their coefficients when these are allowed to take arbitrary complex values. In the following, we call polynomials with this property {\em…

We study the sum of the squares of the irreducible character degrees not divisible by some prime $p$, and its relationship with the the corresponding quantity in a $p$-Sylow normalizer. This leads to study a recent conjecture by E.…

In this paper, we prove several theorems on systems of polynomials with at least one positive real zero based on the theory of conceive polynomials. These theorems provide sufficient conditions for systems of multivariate polynomials…

We prove that if $P(X) \in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ is an integer polynomial of degree $n$ and having $P(0) = 1$, then either $P(X)$ is a product of cyclotomic polynomials, or else at least one of the complex roots of $P$ belongs to the disk $|z|…

Let $F$ be a totally real number field, $p$ a rational prime, and $\chi$ a finite order totally odd abelian character of Gal$(\bar{F}/F)$ such that $\chi(\mathfrak{p})=1$ for some $\mathfrak{p}|p$. Motivated by a conjecture of Stark, Gross…

The B. and M. Shapiro conjecture stated that all solutions of the Schubert Calculus problems associated with real points on the rational normal curve should be real. For Grassmannians, it was proved by Mukhin, Tarasov and Varchenko. For…

We prove a generalization of the Shapiro-Shapiro conjecture on Wronskians of polynomials, allowing the Wronskian to have complex conjugate roots. We decompose the real Schubert cell according to the number of real roots of the Wronski map,…

We investigate the zeros of polynomial solutions to the differential-difference equation \[ P_{n+1}(x)=A_{n}(x)P_{n}^{\prime}(x)+B_{n}(x)P_{n}(x), n=0,1,... \] where $A_{n}$ and $B_{n}$ are polynomials of degree at most 2 and 1…

Zeros of Bessel functions $J_\alpha$ play an important role in physics. They are a motivation for studying zeros of exponential polynomials defined over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$, and more generally of $E$-functions. In this paper we…

We prove that if a polynomial has a root mod $p$ for every large prime $p$, then it has a real root. As an application, we show that the primes can't be covered by finitely many positive definite binary quadratic forms.

For fixed prime integer $p > 0$ we develop a notion of Bernstein-Sato polynomial for polynomials with $\mathbb{Z} / p^m$-coefficients, compatible with existing theory in the case $m = 1$. We show that the ``roots" of such polynomials are…

We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for an arbitrary polynomial of degree $n$, especially with only real roots, to be trivial, i.e. to have the form a(x-b)^n. To do this, we derive new properties of polynomials and their roots.…

The Sendov conjecture asserts that if $p(z) = \prod_{j=1}^{N}(z-z_j)$ is a polynomial with zeros $|z_j| \leq 1$, then each disk $|z-z_j| \leq 1$ contains a zero of $p'$. Our purpose is the following: Given a zero $z_j$ of order $n \geq 2$,…