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Problem-solving has been a fundamental driver of human progress in numerous domains. With advancements in artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools capable of tackling complex problems across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Da Zheng , Lun Du , Junwei Su , Yuchen Tian , Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Lanning Wei , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise but remain challenging to continually improve through traditional finetuning, particularly when integrating capabilities from other specialized LLMs. Popular methods like ensemble…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zhenglun Kong , Zheng Zhan , Shiyue Hou , Yifan Gong , Xin Meng , Pengwei Sui , Peiyan Dong , Xuan Shen , Zifeng Wang , Pu Zhao , Hao Tang , Stratis Ioannidis , Yanzhi Wang

Emergency management urgently requires comprehensive knowledge while having a high possibility to go beyond individuals' cognitive scope. Therefore, artificial intelligence(AI) supported decision-making under that circumstance is of vital…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Minze Chen , Zhenxiang Tao , Weitong Tang , Tingxin Qin , Rui Yang , Chunli Zhu

Generating complex, logically-sound SPARQL queries for multi-hop questions remains a critical bottleneck for Knowledge Graph Question Answering, as the brittle nature of one-shot generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) hinders reliable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Floris Vossebeld , Shenghui Wang

Correctly detecting the semantic type of data columns is crucial for data science tasks such as automated data cleaning, schema matching, and data discovery. Existing data preparation and analysis systems rely on dictionary lookups and…

Retrieval-augmented language models (RALMs) have recently shown great potential in mitigating the limitations of implicit knowledge in LLMs, such as untimely updating of the latest expertise and unreliable retention of long-tail knowledge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Zile Qiao , Wei Ye , Yong Jiang , Tong Mo , Pengjun Xie , Weiping Li , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

We introduce a novel large language model (LLM)-driven agent framework, which iteratively refines queries and filters contextual evidence by leveraging dynamically evolving knowledge. A defining feature of the system is its decoupling of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Seyoung Song

Large Language Model (LLM) agents can automate cybersecurity tasks and can adapt to the evolving cybersecurity landscape without re-engineering. While LLM agents have demonstrated cybersecurity capabilities on Capture-The-Flag (CTF)…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant breakthroughs in various natural language processing tasks. However, generating factually consistent responses in knowledge-intensive scenarios remains a challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Shengbin Yue , Siyuan Wang , Wei Chen , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly developed for use in complex professional domains, yet little is known about how teams design and evaluate these systems in practice. This paper examines the challenges and trade-offs in LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Annalisa Szymanski , Oghenemaro Anuyah , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Ronald A. Metoyer

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly applied to various domains, which triggers increasing concerns about LLMs' safety on specialized domains, e.g. medicine. Despite prior explorations on general jailbreaking attacks, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shangqing Tu , Zhuoran Pan , Wenxuan Wang , Zhexin Zhang , Yuliang Sun , Jifan Yu , Hongning Wang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

We present EHRMIND, a practical recipe for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex clinical reasoning tasks using reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR). While RLVR has succeeded in mathematics and coding, its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jiacheng Lin , Zhenbang Wu , Jimeng Sun

There is vivid research on adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks in high-stakes domains such as healthcare. Despite their popularity, there is a lack of understanding of the extent and contributing factors that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Anand Subramanian , Viktor Schlegel , Abhinav Ramesh Kashyap , Thanh-Tung Nguyen , Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Stefan Winkler

Large language models (LLMs), as a novel information technology, are seeing increasing adoption in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) field. They have shown their potential to streamline processes throughout the building…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chen Liang , Zhaoqi Huang , Haofen Wang , Fu Chai , Chunying Yu , Huanhuan Wei , Zhengjie Liu , Yanpeng Li , Hongjun Wang , Ruifeng Luo , Xianzhong Zhao

Efficient knowledge management plays a pivotal role in augmenting both the operational efficiency and the innovative capacity of businesses and organizations. By indexing knowledge through vectorization, a variety of knowledge retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Feihu Jiang , Chuan Qin , Kaichun Yao , Chuyu Fang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have shown superior performance without task-specific fine-tuning. Despite the success, the knowledge stored in the parameters of LLMs could still be incomplete and difficult to update due to the computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yile Wang , Peng Li , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Endpoint Detection and Remediation (EDR) platforms are essential for identifying and responding to cyber threats. This study presents a novel approach using Large Language Models (LLMs) to detect Hands-on-Keyboard (HOK) cyberattacks. Our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Amit Portnoy , Ehud Azikri , Shay Kels

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP), providing versatile capabilities across various applications. However, their application to complex, domain-specific tasks, such as cyber-security,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Matan Levi , Yair Alluouche , Daniel Ohayon , Anton Puzanov

This paper investigates the role of dynamic external knowledge integration in improving counter-argument generation using Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs have shown promise in argumentative tasks, their tendency to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Anar Yeginbergen , Maite Oronoz , Rodrigo Agerri

Large Language Model (LLM) has demonstrated significant success in a range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks within general domain. The emergence of LLM has introduced innovative methodologies across diverse fields, including the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jiheng Liang , Zujie Xie , Ziru Yu , Xiangyang Yu