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In recent years, cloud service providers have been building and hosting datacenters across multiple geographical locations to provide robust services. However, the geographical distribution of datacenters introduces growing pressure to both…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Sirui Qi , Dejan Milojicic , Cullen Bash , Sudeep Pasricha

The majority of IoT devices like smartwatches, smart plugs, HVAC controllers, etc., are powered by hardware with a constrained specification (low memory, clock speed and processor) which is insufficient to accommodate and execute large,…

Domain-specific machine learning (ML) accelerators such as Google's TPU and Apple's Neural Engine now dominate CPUs and GPUs for energy-efficient ML processing. However, the evolution of electronic accelerators is facing fundamental limits…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Febin Sunny , Ebadollah Taheri , Mahdi Nikdast , Sudeep Pasricha

In modern generative-AI workloads, matrix-vector/matrix-matrix multiplications (\emph{MatMul}) dominate the compute and energy cost. Achieving dramatic reductions in energy per token therefore requires a novel, specialized hardware that is…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-11 Denis Mamaluy , Md Rahatul Islam Udoy , Juan P. Mendez , Ben Feinberg , Wei Pan , Ahmedullah Aziz

Chiplet technology enables the integration of an increasing number of transistors on a single accelerator with higher yield in the post-Moore era, addressing the immense computational demands arising from rapid AI advancements. However, it…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jingwei Cai , Zuotong Wu , Sen Peng , Yuchen Wei , Zhanhong Tan , Guiming Shi , Mingyu Gao , Kaisheng Ma

Transformers are central to advances in artificial intelligence (AI), excelling in fields ranging from computer vision to natural language processing. Despite their success, their large parameter count and computational demands challenge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza

The cost of moving data between the memory units and the compute units is a major contributor to the execution time and energy consumption of modern workloads in computing systems. At the same time, we are witnessing an enormous amount of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Gagandeep Singh

The rapid deployment of machine learning across platforms from milliwatt-class TinyML devices to large language models has made energy efficiency a primary constraint for sustainable AI. Across these scales, performance and energy are…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mohammad Saleh Vahdatpour , Yanqing Zhang

General-purpose optical accelerators (GOAs) have emerged as a promising platform to accelerate deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their low latency and energy consumption. Such an accelerator is usually composed of a given number of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Sijie Fei , Amro Eldebiky , Grace Li Zhang , Bing Li , Ulf Schlichtmann

Mesoscale IoT applications, such as P2P energy trade and real-time industrial control systems, demand high throughput and low latency, with a secondary emphasis on energy efficiency as they rely on grid power or large-capacity batteries.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jothi Prasanna Shanmuga Sundaram , Magzhan Gabidolla , Miguel A. Carreira-Perpinan , Alberto E. Cerpa

Recently, automated co-design of machine learning (ML) models and accelerator architectures has attracted significant attention from both the industry and academia. However, most co-design frameworks either explore a limited search space or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Shikhar Tuli , Chia-Hao Li , Ritvik Sharma , Niraj K. Jha

In this paper, we demonstrate the design of efficient and high-performance AI/Deep Learning accelerators with customized STT-MRAM and a reconfigurable core. Based on model-driven detailed design space exploration, we present the design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Kaniz Mishty , Mehdi Sadi

Topology optimization is a computational method used to determine the optimal material distribution within a prescribed design domain, aiming to minimize structural weight while satisfying load and boundary conditions. For critical…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Kaustubh Mhatre , Vedant Tewari , Aditya Ray , Farhan Khan , Ridwan Olabiyi , Ashif Iquebal , Aman Arora

This paper makes the case for a single-ISA heterogeneous computing platform, AISC, where each compute engine (be it a core or an accelerator) supports a different subset of the very same ISA. An ISA subset may not be functionally complete,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Alexandra Ferreron , Jesus Alastruey-Benede , Dario Suarez-Gracia , Ulya R. Karpuzcu

We present ROCKET, a training-free model compression method that achieves state-of-the-art performance in comparison with factorization, structured-sparsification and dynamic compression baselines. Operating under a global compression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ammar Ali , Baher Mohammad , Denis Makhov , Dmitriy Shopkhoev , Magauiya Zhussip , Stamatios Lefkimmiatis

Building efficient embedded deep learning systems requires a tight co-design between DNN algorithms, memory hierarchy, and dataflow. However, owing to the large degrees of freedom in the design space, finding an optimal solution through the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Linyan Mei , Pouya Houshmand , Vikram Jain , Sebastian Giraldo , Marian Verhelst

ADAPT-VQE stands out as a robust algorithm for constructing compact ans\"atze for molecular simulation. It enables to significantly reduce the circuit depth with respect to other methods, such as UCCSD, while achieving higher accuracy and…

In-memory computing (IMC) architecture emerges as a promising paradigm, improving the energy efficiency of multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations within DNNs by integrating the parallel computations within the memory arrays. Various…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Zeyu Yang , Qingrong Huang , Yu Qian , Kai Ni , Thomas Kämpfe , Xunzhao Yin

Edge computing must be capable of executing computationally intensive algorithms, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) while operating within a constrained computational resource budget. Such computations involve Matrix Vector…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Arani Roy , Kaushik Roy

One of the most critical aspects of integrating loosely-coupled accelerators in heterogeneous SoC architectures is orchestrating their interactions with the memory hierarchy, especially in terms of navigating the various cache-coherence…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Joseph Zuckerman , Davide Giri , Jihye Kwon , Paolo Mantovani , Luca P. Carloni