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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled agents to autonomously execute complex, long-horizon tasks, yet planning remains a primary bottleneck for reliable task execution. Existing methods typically fall into two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yunfan Li , Bingbing Xu , Xueyun Tian , Xiucheng Xu , Huawei Shen

Sensemaking report writing often requires multiple refinements in the iterative process. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating initial reports based on human visual workspace representations, they struggle to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xuxin Tang , Rehema Abulikemu , Eric Krokos , Kirsten Whitley , Xuan Wang , Chris North

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs), yet achieving high performance in this domain remains a significant challenge. The auto-regressive generation process often makes LLMs susceptible to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiaoxuan Lou , Chaojie Wang , Bo An

The dominant paradigm of monolithic scaling in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is failing for understanding and reasoning in documents, yielding diminishing returns as it struggles with the inherent need of this domain for document-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xinlei Yu , Chengming Xu , Zhangquan Chen , Yudong Zhang , Shilin Lu , Cheng Yang , Jiangning Zhang , Shuicheng Yan , Xiaobin Hu

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for enabling them to tackle complex, multi-step problems. Multi-agent frameworks have shown great potential in enhancing LLMs' reasoning capabilities. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Danqing Wang , Zhuorui Ye , Fei Fang , Lei Li

Long-horizon, repetitive workflows are common in professional settings, such as processing expense reports from receipts and entering student grades from exam papers. These tasks are often tedious for humans since they can extend to extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jing Wu , Daphne Barretto , Yiye Chen , Nicholas Gydé , Yanan Jian , Yuhang He , Vibhav Vineet

Large-language models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful problem-solving capabilities, in particular when organized in multi-agent systems. However, the advent of such systems also raises several questions on the ability of a complex network…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Florian Grötschla , Luis Müller , Jan Tönshoff , Mikhail Galkin , Bryan Perozzi

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated strong capabilities in long-horizon tasks by interleaving reasoning with tool use. However, as these agents scale to complex workflows such as software engineering and open-ended research,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Junde Wu , Minhao Hu , Jiayuan Zhu , Jiazhen Pan , Yuyuan Liu , Min Xu , Yueming Jin

Modern language models reason within bounded context, an inherent constraint that poses a fundamental barrier to long-horizon reasoning. We identify recursion as a core principle for overcoming this barrier, and propose recursive models as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chenxiao Yang , Nathan Srebro , Zhiyuan Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as autonomous agents in complex, long-horizon applications, where effective memory is critical for sustained performance. Yet existing memory benchmarks are largely dialogue-centric, while…

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advances in the field of natural language processing, but they still face challenges such as continuous decision-making, lack of long-term memory, and limited context windows in dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xuechen Liang , Meiling Tao , Yinghui Xia , Jianhui Wang , Kun Li , Yijin Wang , Jingsong Yang , Tianyu Shi , Yuantao Wang , Miao Zhang , Xueqian Wang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) decompose complex tasks and delegate subtasks to different large language model (LLM) agents and tools. Prior studies have reported the superior accuracy performance of MAS across diverse domains, enabled by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingyan Gao , Yanzi Li , Banruo Liu , Yifan Yu , Phillip Wang , Ching-Yu Lin , Fan Lai

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents, they face a critical scalability bottleneck known as the "Generalization-Specialization Dilemma." Monolithic agents equipped with extensive toolkits suffer from…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Sathish Sampath , Anuradha Baskaran

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate that chain-of-thought prompting and deep reasoning substantially enhance performance on complex tasks, and multi-agent systems can further improve accuracy by enabling model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zehui Ling , Deshu Chen , Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Xigui Li , Xin Guo , Yuan Cheng

Ramp merging is one of the bottlenecks in traffic systems, which commonly cause traffic congestion, accidents, and severe carbon emissions. In order to address this essential issue and enhance the safety and efficiency of connected and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Senkang Hu , Zhengru Fang , Zihan Fang , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yuguang Fang , Sam Kwong

Large language model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in decision-making tasks, but struggle significantly with complex, long-horizon planning scenarios. This arises from their lack of macroscopic guidance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Ziyue Li , Yuan Chang , Gaihong Yu , Xiaoqiu Le

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced in large strides due to the effectiveness of the self-attention mechanism that processes and compares all tokens at once. However, this mechanism comes with a fundamental issue -- the predetermined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Howard Chen , Ramakanth Pasunuru , Jason Weston , Asli Celikyilmaz

To tackle long-context reasoning tasks without the quadratic complexity of standard attention mechanisms, approaches based on agent memory have emerged, which typically maintain a dynamically updated memory when linearly processing document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Baibei Ji , Xiaoyang Weng , Juntao Li , Zecheng Tang , Yihang Lou , Min Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in understanding language and executing complex reasoning tasks. However, LLMs with long context windows have been notorious for their expensive training costs and high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jun Zhao , Can Zu , Hao Xu , Yi Lu , Wei He , Yiwen Ding , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

As AI agents evolve, the community is rapidly shifting from single Large Language Models (LLMs) to Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to overcome cognitive bottlenecks in automated research. However, the optimal multi-agent coordination framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Zhenyi Yi , Ziyi Zhao , Lijun Sun , Dongyang Li , Chin-Teng Lin , Yuhui Shi