English
Related papers

Related papers: Transmuting prompts into weights

200 papers

Despite their empirical success, the internal mechanism by which transformer models align tokens during language processing remains poorly understood. This paper provides a mechanistic and theoretical explanation of token alignment in LLMs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Hadi Daneshmand

Visual prompting infuses visual information into the input image to adapt models toward specific predictions and tasks. Recently, manually crafted markers such as red circles are shown to guide the model to attend to a target region on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Razieh Rezaei , Masoud Jalili Sabet , Jindong Gu , Daniel Rueckert , Philip Torr , Ashkan Khakzar

Transformer models can use two fundamentally different kinds of information: information stored in weights during training, and information provided ``in-context'' at inference time. In this work, we show that transformers exhibit different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Stephanie C. Y. Chan , Ishita Dasgupta , Junkyung Kim , Dharshan Kumaran , Andrew K. Lampinen , Felix Hill

We explore a new language model inversion problem under strict black-box, zero-shot, and limited data conditions. We propose a novel training-free framework that reconstructs prompts using only a limited number of text outputs from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Hanqing Li , Diego Klabjan

According to the stages-of-inference hypothesis, early layers of language models map their subword-tokenized input, which does not necessarily correspond to a linguistically meaningful segmentation, to more meaningful representations that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Go Kamoda , Benjamin Heinzerling , Tatsuro Inaba , Keito Kudo , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

Transformer based large language models have achieved tremendous success. However, the significant memory and computational costs incurred during the inference process make it challenging to deploy large models on resource-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Wenxiao Wang , Wei Chen , Yicong Luo , Yongliu Long , Zhengkai Lin , Liye Zhang , Binbin Lin , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks due to their impressive capabilities as few-shot learners. Recent techniques, such as chain-of-thought (CoT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Kamesh R

Recent research has demonstrated that transformers, particularly linear attention models, implicitly execute gradient-descent-like algorithms on data provided in-context during their forward inference step. However, their capability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Max Vladymyrov , Johannes von Oswald , Mark Sandler , Rong Ge

Mixed-initiative dialogue tasks involve repeated exchanges of information and conversational control. Conversational agents gain control by generating responses that follow particular dialogue intents or strategies, prescribed by a policy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Maximillian Chen , Xiao Yu , Weiyan Shi , Urvi Awasthi , Zhou Yu

Prompt tuning is a promising method to fine-tune a pre-trained language model without retraining its large-scale parameters. Instead, it attaches a soft prompt to the input text, whereby downstream tasks can be well adapted by merely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Pengxiang Lan , Enneng Yang , Yuting Liu , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

This paper surveys and organizes research works in a new paradigm in natural language processing, which we dub "prompt-based learning". Unlike traditional supervised learning, which trains a model to take in an input x and predict an output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Pengfei Liu , Weizhe Yuan , Jinlan Fu , Zhengbao Jiang , Hiroaki Hayashi , Graham Neubig

Reasoning is a key component of language understanding in Large Language Models. While Chain-of-Thought prompting enhances performance via explicit intermediate steps, it suffers from sufficient token overhead and a fixed reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xinyuan Wang , Dongjie Wang , Wangyang Ying , Haoyue Bai , Nanxu Gong , Sixun Dong , Kunpeng Liu , Yanjie Fu

This research explores strategies for steering the output of large language models (LLMs) towards specific styles, such as sentiment, emotion, or writing style, by adding style vectors to the activations of hidden layers during text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Kai Konen , Sophie Jentzsch , Diaoulé Diallo , Peer Schütt , Oliver Bensch , Roxanne El Baff , Dominik Opitz , Tobias Hecking

Diffusion models achieve remarkable fidelity in image synthesis, yet precise control over their outputs for targeted editing remains challenging. A key step toward controllability is to identify interpretable directions in the model's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Tharun Anand , Mohammad Hassan Vali , Arno Solin , Green Rosh , BH Pawan Prasad

We advance a novel explanation of similarity-based interference effects in subject-verb and reflexive pronoun agreement processing, grounded in surprisal values computed from a pretrained large-scale Transformer model, GPT-2. Specifically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Soo Hyun Ryu , Richard L. Lewis

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various domains but still struggle with arithmetic reasoning tasks. Recent work shows the effectiveness of prompt design methods in enhancing reasoning capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Wenting Tan , Dongxiao Chen , Jieting Xue , Zihao Wang , Taijie Chen

Speech synthesis has significantly advanced from statistical methods to deep neural network architectures, leading to various text-to-speech (TTS) models that closely mimic human speech patterns. However, capturing nuances such as emotion…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Shaozuo Zhang , Ambuj Mehrish , Yingting Li , Soujanya Poria

Teacher education requires deliberate practice with learners who exhibit identifiable strengths, weaknesses, and partial mastery. Large language models could support such practice by simulating students with known skill components, enabling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Alexander Apartsin , Omri Sason , Yehudit Aperstein

When trained on language data, do transformers learn some arbitrary computation that utilizes the full capacity of the architecture or do they learn a simpler, tree-like computation, hypothesized to underlie compositional meaning systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Shikhar Murty , Pratyusha Sharma , Jacob Andreas , Christopher D. Manning

Prompt tuning, in which a base pretrained model is adapted to each task via conditioning on learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a promising approach for efficiently adapting large language models to multiple downstream tasks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zhen Wang , Rameswar Panda , Leonid Karlinsky , Rogerio Feris , Huan Sun , Yoon Kim
‹ Prev 1 8 9 10 Next ›