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Related papers: When to Reason: Semantic Router for vLLM

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Effective code generation with language models hinges on two critical factors: accurately understanding the intent of the prompt and generating code that applies algorithmic reasoning to produce correct solutions capable of passing diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Amir Jalilifard , Anderson de Rezende Rocha , Marcos Medeiros Raimundo

Large language models (LLMs) solve complex problems by generating multi-step reasoning traces. Yet these traces are typically analyzed from only one of two perspectives: the sequence of tokens across different reasoning steps in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ruidi Chang , Jiawei Zhou , Hanjie Chen

Recent advancements in the reasoning skills of Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an increase in the ability of LLMs to solve simple planning tasks. However, as long as the driving force behind improved reasoning capability is the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Andrey Borro , Patricia J Riddle , Michael W Barley , Michael J Witbrock

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve strong performance on mathematical reasoning tasks, often attributed to their capability to generate explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) explanations. However, recent work shows that LRMs often arrive at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yihong Liu , Raoyuan Zhao , Hinrich Schütze , Michael A. Hedderich

Recent progress in Language Models (LMs) has dramatically advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP), excelling at tasks like text generation, summarization, and question answering. However, their inference remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Adarsh Prasad Behera , Jaya Prakash Champati , Roberto Morabito , Sasu Tarkoma , James Gross

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive quality when applied to predictive tasks such as relevance ranking and semantic search. However, deployment of such LLMs remains prohibitively expensive for industry applications…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in a wide-range of language tasks without requiring task-specific fine-tuning. However, they remain prone to hallucinations and inconsistencies, and often struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Matt Pauk , Maria Leonor Pacheco

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive reasoning capabilities at the cost of substantial inference overhead, posing substantial deployment challenges. Although distilled Small Language Models (SLMs) significantly enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Tianyu Fu , Yi Ge , Yichen You , Enshu Liu , Zhihang Yuan , Guohao Dai , Shengen Yan , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

This paper focuses on extending the success of large language models (LLMs) to sequential decision making. Existing efforts either (i) re-train or finetune LLMs for decision making, or (ii) design prompts for pretrained LLMs. The former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

Reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs) enable test-time scaling, with dataset-level accuracy improving as the token budget increases, motivating adaptive reasoning -- spending tokens when they improve reliability and stopping early when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xi Wang , Anushri Suresh , Alvin Zhang , Rishi More , William Jurayj , Benjamin Van Durme , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Daniel Khashabi , Eric Nalisnick

Many applications of large language models (LLMs) require deductive reasoning, yet models frequently produce incorrect or redundant inference steps. We frame natural language inference as a search problem where the final answer is the valid…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andreas Opedal , Francesco Ignazio Re , Abulhair Saparov , Mrinmaya Sachan , Bernhard Schölkopf , Ryan Cotterell

Large Language Models (LLMs) still struggle with complex logical reasoning. While previous works achieve remarkable improvements, their performance is highly dependent on the correctness of translating natural language (NL) problems into a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiangyu Wang , Haocheng Yang , Fengxiang Cheng , Fenrong Liu

Recent advances in natural language processing highlight two key factors for improving reasoning in large language models (LLMs): (i) allocating more test-time compute tends to help on harder problems but often introduces redundancy in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Riccardo Alberghi , Elizaveta Demyanenko , Luca Biggio , Luca Saglietti

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive capabilities but incur substantial inference latency and cost, which hinders their deployment in latency-sensitive and resource-constrained scenarios. Cloud-edge-device collaborative inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Haoyu Qiao , Hao Zhang , Shanwen Mao , Siyao Cheng , Jie Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly recognized for their exceptional generative capabilities and versatility across various tasks. However, the high inference costs associated with these models have not received adequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Soham Poddar , Paramita Koley , Janardan Misra , Sanjay Podder , Niloy Ganguly , Saptarshi Ghosh

Large reasoning models (LRMs) such as Claude 3.7 Sonnet and OpenAI o1 achieve strong performance on mathematical benchmarks using lengthy chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, but the resulting traces are often unnecessarily verbose. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Ye Yu , Yaoning Yu , Haohan Wang

We propose integration of reasoning into speech large language models (speechLLMs) for the end-to-end slot-filling task. Inspired by the recent development of reasoning LLMs, we use a chain-of-thought framework to decompose the slot-filling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Kadri Hacioglu , Manjunath K E , Andreas Stolcke

Large language models (LLMs) solve reasoning problems by first generating a rationale and then answering. We formalize reasoning as a latent variable model and derive a reward-based filtered expectation-maximization (FEM) objective for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Junghyun Lee , Branislav Kveton , Anup Rao , Subhojyoti Mukherjee , Ryan A. Rossi , Sunav Choudhary , Alexa Siu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly expected to handle complex decision-making tasks, yet their ability to perform structured resource allocation remains underexplored. Evaluating their reasoning is also difficult due to data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sankarshan Damle , Boi Faltings

Structured reasoning can improve the inference performance of large language models (LLMs), but it also introduces computational cost and control constraints. When additional reasoning structure helps, and when it instead reduces efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Junyu Guo , Shangding Gu , Ming Jin , Costas Spanos , Javad Lavaei
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