Related papers: What gauges can be used in applied electromagnetic…
To study ``physical'' gauges such as the Coulomb, light-cone, axial or temporal gauge, we consider ``interpolating'' gauges which interpolate linearly between a covariant gauge, such as the Feynman or Landau gauge, and a physical gauge.…
The instantaneous nature of the potentials of the Coulomb gauge is clarified and a concise derivation is given of the vector potential of the Coulomb gauge expressed in terms of the instantaneous magnetic field.
The Lorentz force can be obtained from Maxwell's equations in the Coulomb gauge provided that we assume that the electric portion of the force acted on a charge is known, and the magnetic component is perpendicular to the velocity of motion…
It is shown that a Coulomb potential using a running coupling slightly modified from the perturbative form can produce an interquark potential that appears nearly linear over a large distance range. Recent high-statistics SU(2) lattice…
Gauge fields are ubiquitous in nature. In the context of quantum electrodynamics, you may be most familiar with the photon, which represents the gauge field mediating electromagnetic forces. But there are also gluons, which mediate strong…
The measurement of Standard Model processes tests the validity of the model at a given scale and is simultaneously sensitive to new physics through loop effects or interference with the Standard Model amplitudes. A variety of studies has…
This two-paper series addresses and fixes the long-standing gauge invariance problem of angular momentum in gauge theories. This QED part reveals: 1) The spin and orbital angular momenta of electrons and photons can all be consistently…
Dual electrodynamics and corresponding Maxwell's equations (in the presence of monopole only) are revisited from the symmetry of duality and gauge invariance. Accordingly, the manifestly covariant, dual symmetric and gauge invariant two…
We reconsider perturbative unitarity in quantum field theory and upgrade several arguments and results. The minimum assumptions that lead to the largest time equation, the cutting equations and the unitarity equation are identified. Using…
Measuring comodules are defined and shown to provide a useful generalization of the set of maps between modules with a broad range of applications. Three applications are described. Connections on bundles are described in terms of measuring…
We investigate the coupling of the electromagnetic sources (charge and current densities) to the scalar and vector potentials in classical electrodynamics, using Green function techniques. As is well known, the scalar potential shows an…
The harmonic formulation of Einstein's field equations is considered, where the gauge conditions are introduced as dynamical constraints. The difference between the fully constrained approach (used in analytical approximations) and the free…
A new algorithm to calculate Coulomb wave functions with all of its arguments complex is proposed. For that purpose, standard methods such as continued fractions and power/asymptotic series are combined with direct integrations of the…
We generalize the derivation of electromagnetic fields of a charged particle moving with a constant acceleration [1] to a variable acceleration (piecewise constants) over a small finite time interval using Coulomb's law, relativistic…
The relativistic quantum mechanics equations for the electromagnetic interaction are propososed.
A general method is presented to build all gauge-invariant terms in gauge field theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum chromodynamics. It is applied to two experiments, light-by-light scattering and deep inelastic…
A theory containing both electric and magnetic charges is formulated using two vector potentials, $A_{\mu}$ and $C_{\mu}$. This has the aesthetic advantage of treating electric and magnetic charges both as gauge charges, but it has the…
Numerical calculations of the electron self-energy without any expansion in the binding nuclear field are required in order to match the rapidly advancing precision of experimental spectroscopy. For the lightest elements, particularly…
The Maxwell-Lorentz theory of electrodynamics cannot readily be applied to a system of point charges: the electromagnetic field is not well-defined at the position of a point charge, an energy conservation argument is not obvious, an…
We study the abelian Higgs model out-of-equilibrium in two different approaches, a gauge invariant formulation, proposed by Boyanovsky et al. \cite{Boyanovsky:1996dc} and in the Coulomb gauge. We show that both approaches become equivalent…