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Evaluation plays a crucial role in the advancement of information retrieval (IR) models. However, current benchmarks, which are based on predefined domains and human-labeled data, face limitations in addressing evaluation needs for emerging…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Jianlyu Chen , Nan Wang , Chaofan Li , Bo Wang , Shitao Xiao , Han Xiao , Hao Liao , Defu Lian , Zheng Liu

As large language models achieve impressive scores on traditional benchmarks, an increasing number of researchers are becoming concerned about benchmark data leakage during pre-training, commonly known as the data contamination problem. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Kun Qian , Shunji Wan , Claudia Tang , Youzhi Wang , Xuanming Zhang , Maximillian Chen , Zhou Yu

Traditional fixed test sets fall short in evaluating open-ended capabilities of foundation models. To address this, we propose ONEBench(OpeN-Ended Benchmarking), a new testing paradigm that consolidates individual evaluation datasets into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Adhiraj Ghosh , Sebastian Dziadzio , Ameya Prabhu , Vishaal Udandarao , Samuel Albanie , Matthias Bethge

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented performances in various applications, yet evaluating them is still challenging. Existing benchmarks are either manually constructed or are automatic, but lack the ability to evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jio Oh , Soyeon Kim , Junseok Seo , Jindong Wang , Ruochen Xu , Xing Xie , Steven Euijong Whang

Recent works have shown that large language model (LLM) agents are able to improve themselves from experience, which is an important ability for continuous enhancement post-deployment. However, existing benchmarks primarily evaluate their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Cheng-Kuang Wu , Zhi Rui Tam , Chieh-Yen Lin , Yun-Nung Chen , Hung-yi Lee

As frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly saturate new benchmarks shortly after they are published, benchmarking itself is at a juncture: if frontier models keep improving, it will become increasingly hard for humans to generate…

Forecasts of future events are essential inputs into informed decision-making. Machine learning (ML) systems have the potential to deliver forecasts at scale, but there is no framework for evaluating the accuracy of ML systems on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Ezra Karger , Houtan Bastani , Chen Yueh-Han , Zachary Jacobs , Danny Halawi , Fred Zhang , Philip E. Tetlock

As machine learning systems are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains such as criminal justice, finance, and healthcare, the demand for interpretable and trustworthy models has intensified. Despite the proliferation of local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 James Afful

Time series anomaly detection is a vital task in many domains, including patient monitoring in healthcare, forecasting in finance, and predictive maintenance in energy industries. This has led to a proliferation of anomaly detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Sarah Alnegheimish , Laure Berti-Equille , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has enabled substantial advances in solving mathematical problems. However, existing benchmarks often fail to reflect the complexity of real-world problems, which demand open-ended,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Cheng Qian , Hongyi Du , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Yuji Zhang , Avirup Sil , Chengxiang Zhai , Kathleen McKeown , Heng Ji

LLM-based reasoning models have enabled the development of agentic systems that act as co-scientists, assisting in multi-step scientific analysis. However, evaluating these systems is challenging, as it requires realistic, end-to-end…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Siba Smarak Panigrahi , Jovana Videnović , Maria Brbić

The recent explosion of large language models (LLMs), each with its own general or specialized strengths, makes scalable, reliable benchmarking more urgent than ever. Standard practices nowadays face fundamental trade-offs: closed-ended…

Knowledge-intensive question answering is central to large language models (LLMs) and is typically assessed using static benchmarks derived from sources like Wikipedia and textbooks. However, these benchmarks fail to capture evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yanhong Li , Tianyang Xu , Kenan Tang , Karen Livescu , David McAllester , Jiawei Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in multi-agent negotiation tasks, yet evaluation in this domain remains challenging due to a lack of robust and generalizable benchmarks. Abdelnabi et al. (2024) introduce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jorge Carrasco Pollo , Ioannis Kapetangeorgis , Joshua Rosenthal , John Hua Yao

Mathematical reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence, and whether large language models (LLMs) can meaningfully perform it remains a central question in artificial intelligence and cognitive science. As LLMs are increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Linyang He , Qiyao Yu , Hanze Dong , Baohao Liao , Xinxing Xu , Micah Goldblum , Jiang Bian , Nima Mesgarani

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance their reasoning capabilities through feedback. A critical challenge is verifying the consistency of model-generated responses and reference answers,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xuzhao Li , Xuchen Li , Shiyu Hu , Yongzhen Guo , Wentao Zhang

Legal judgments may contain errors due to the complexity of case circumstances and the abstract nature of legal concepts, while existing appellate review mechanisms face efficiency pressures from a surge in case volumes. Although current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yifei Li , Richong Zhang , Wanyu Tu , Zhijie Nie , Haokun Luo , Chuantao Yin , Pengchong Li

As large language models become increasingly capable of generating code, evaluating their performance remains a complex and evolving challenge. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on functional correctness, overlooking the diversity of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Forough Mehralian , Ryan Shar , James R. Rae , Alireza Hashemi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in front-end code generation. However, existing benchmarks exhibit several critical limitations: many tasks are overly simplistic, test cases often lack rigor, and end-to-end…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Hongda Zhu , Yiwen Zhang , Bing Zhao , Jingzhe Ding , Siyao Liu , Tong Liu , Dandan Wang , Yanan Liu , Zhaojian Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how people interact with artificial intelligence (AI) systems, achieving state-of-the-art results in various tasks, including scientific discovery and hypothesis generation. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Sikun Guo , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Guangzhi Xiong , Albert Huang , Eric Xie , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang