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In-Context Learning (ICL) is suffering from unsatisfactory performance and under-calibration due to high prior bias and unfaithful confidence. Some previous works fine-tuned language models for better ICL performance with enormous datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Yufeng Zhao , Yoshihiro Sakai , Naoya Inoue

Bilevel optimization (BLO) problem, where two optimization problems (referred to as upper- and lower-level problems) are coupled hierarchically, has wide applications in areas such as machine learning and operations research. Recently, many…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-19 Xiaotian Jiang , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Prashant Khanduri , Mingyi Hong

Gradient methods have become mainstream techniques for Bi-Level Optimization (BLO) in learning and vision fields. The validity of existing works heavily relies on solving a series of approximation subproblems with extraordinarily high…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-23 Risheng Liu , Xuan Liu , Wei Yao , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang

In this paper, the problem of how to optimally and precisely control array response levels is addressed. By using the concept of the optimal weight vector from the adaptive array theory and adding virtual interferences one by one, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-01-01 Xuejing Zhang , Zishu He , Xiang-Gen Xia , Bin Liao , Xuepan Zhang , Yue Yang

Power system voltage regulation is crucial to maintain power quality while integrating intermittent renewable resources in distribution grids. However, the system model on the grid edge is often unknown, making it difficult to model…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jiaqi Wu , Jingyi Yuan , Yang Weng , Guangwen Wang

Despite impressive results, reinforcement learning (RL) suffers from slow convergence and requires a large variety of tuning strategies. In this paper, we investigate the ability of RL algorithms on simple continuous control tasks. We show…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Daniel Layeghi , Steve Tonneau , Michael Mistry

Online bilevel optimization (OBO) has emerged as a powerful framework for many machine learning problems. Prior works have developed several algorithms that minimize the standard bilevel local regret or the window-averaged bilevel local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tingkai Jia , Haiguang Wang , Cheng Chen

In this chapter, we are concerned with inverse optimal control problems, i.e., optimization models which are used to identify parameters in optimal control problems from given measurements. Here, we focus on linear-quadratic optimal control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Stephan Dempe , Markus Friedemann , Felix Harder , Patrick Mehlitz , Gerd Wachsmuth

We consider the problem of learning control policies that optimize a reward function while satisfying constraints due to considerations of safety, fairness, or other costs. We propose a new algorithm, Projection-Based Constrained Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Tsung-Yen Yang , Justinian Rosca , Karthik Narasimhan , Peter J. Ramadge

A large number of application problems involve two levels of optimization, where one optimization task is nested inside the other. These problems are known as bilevel optimization problems and have been studied by both classical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-09 Ankur Sinha , Zhichao Lu , Kalyanmoy Deb , Pekka Malo

A learning approach to selecting regularization parameters in multi-penalty Tikhonov regularization is investigated. It leads to a bilevel optimization problem, where the lower level problem is a Tikhonov regularized problem parameterized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Gernot Holler , Karl Kunisch , Richard C. Barnard

Recent studies indicate that deep neural networks degrade in generalization performance under noisy supervision. Existing methods focus on isolating clean subsets or correcting noisy labels, facing limitations such as high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Kuan Zhang , Chengliang Chai , Jingzhe Xu , Chi Zhang , Han Han , Ye Yuan , Guoren Wang , Lei Cao

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are often assumed to allow continuous phase control over all elements, leading to hardware cost that scales with the number of elements. Treating the phase of each element as a discrete variable is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Tasuku Okamoto , Naoki Ishikawa , Daisuke Kitayama , Yuto Hama , Kensuke Inaba , Toshimori Honjo , Hiroki Takesue , Hiroyuki Takahashi

In the paper, we propose solving optimization problems (OPs) and understanding the Newton method from the optimal control view. We propose a new optimization algorithm based on the optimal control problem (OCP). The algorithm features…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Huanshui Zhang , Hongxia Wang

Robots need to predict and react to human motions to navigate through a crowd without collisions. Many existing methods decouple prediction from planning, which does not account for the interaction between robot and human motions and can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Sepehr Samavi , James R. Han , Florian Shkurti , Angela P. Schoellig

This work investigates robust monotonic convergent iterative learning control (ILC) for uncertain linear systems in both time and frequency domains, and the ILC algorithm optimizing the convergence speed in terms of $l_{2}$ norm of error…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-19 Lanlan Su

A novel approach to efficiently treat pure-state equality constraints in optimal control problems (OCPs) using a Riccati recursion algorithm is proposed. The proposed method transforms a pure-state equality constraint into a mixed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Sotaro Katayama , Toshiyuki Ohtsuka

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been proved to be a powerful self-supervised approach for a wide range of domains, including computer vision and graph representation learning. However, the incremental learning issue of CL has rarely been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Cheng Ji , Jianxin Li , Hao Peng , Jia Wu , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Phillip S. Yu

Learning-based control algorithms require data collection with abundant supervision for training. Safe exploration algorithms ensure the safety of this data collection process even when only partial knowledge is available. We present a new…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Yashwanth Kumar Nakka , Anqi Liu , Guanya Shi , Anima Anandkumar , Yisong Yue , Soon-Jo Chung

Bilevel Optimization Programming is used to model complex and conflicting interactions between agents, for example in Robust AI or Privacy-preserving AI. Integrating bilevel mathematical programming within deep learning is thus an essential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Francesco Alesiani