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Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide unconditional secure communication between two distant parties. Although the significance of QKD is undisputed, its feasibility has been questioned because of certain limitations in the practical…

Device-independent security is the gold standard for quantum cryptography: not only is security based entirely on the laws of quantum mechanics, but it holds irrespective of any a priori assumptions on the quantum devices used in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Rotem Arnon , Renato Renner , Thomas Vidick

We show how weak non-linearities can be used in a device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol using generalized two-mode Schr\"odinger cat states. The QKD protocol is therefore shown to be secure against collective attacks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-12 Curtis J. Broadbent , Kevin Marshall , Christian Weedbrook , John C. Howell

The mediated semi-quantum key distribution (MSQKD) protocol is an important research issue that lets two classical participants share secret keys securely between each other with the help of a third party (TP). However, in the existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-03 Chia-Wei Tsai , Chun-Wei Yang

We propose a high-rate scheme for discretely-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution (DM CVQKD) using quantum machine learning technologies, which divides the whole CVQKD system into three parts, i.e., the initialization part…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Qin Liao , Jieyu Liu , Anqi Huang , Lei Huang , Zhuoying Fei , Xiquan Fu

The advent of quantum key distribution (QKD) has revolutionized secure communication by providing unconditional security, unlike classical cryptographic methods. However, its effectiveness relies on robust identity authentication, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Arindam Dutta

W-state is an important resource for many quantum information processing tasks. In this paper, we for the first time propose a multi-party measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol based on W-state. With…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-10 Changhua Zhu , Feihu Xu , Changxing Pei

The relatively low key rate seems to be the major barrier to its practical use for the decoy state measurement device independent quantum key distribution (MDIQKD). We present a 4-intensity protocol for the decoy-state MDIQKD that hugely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 Y-H Zhou , Z. -W. Yu , X. -B. Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a popular introduction to quantum technologies used in education and public outreach, as very little background in quantum theory is needed and the practical applications are easily understood. There is…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-01-27 Brian R. La Cour , Noah A. Davis

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDIQKD) protocol is immune to all attacks on detection and guarantees the information-theoretical security even with imperfect single photon detectors. Recently, several…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables secure key sharing between distant parties, with several protocols proven resilient against conventional eavesdropping strategies. Here, we introduce a new attack scenario where an eavesdropper, Eve,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Sumit Nandi , Biswaranjan Panda , Pankaj Agrawal , Arun K Pati

While fully device-independent security in (BB84-like) prepare and measure Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is impossible, it can be guaranteed against individual attacks in a semi device-independent (SDI) scenario, wherein no assumptions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-08 Anubhav Chaturvedi , Maharshi Ray , Ryszard Veynar , Marcin Pawlowski

Self-testing is the strongest certification procedure that uniquely characterizes the physical system based on the observed statistics, without any knowledge of the inner workings of the devices. The optimal quantum violation of a Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Rajdeep Paul , Sneha Munshi , Alok Kumar Pan

Reference frame independent quantum key distribution (RFI-QKD) has gained widespread attention due to the unique advantage for practical application, as it circumvents the need for active reference frame alignment within the system.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-28 Ziran Xie , Zhiyu Tian , Shihai Sun

Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

The time-reversed version of entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD), called measurement-device-independent QKD (mdiQKD), was originally introduced to close arbitrary security loopholes of measurement devices. Here we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-14 Koji Azuma , Kiyoshi Tamaki , William J. Munro

Quantum cryptography holds the promise to establish an information-theoretically secure global network. All field tests of metropolitan-scale quantum networks to date are based on trusted relays. The security critically relies on the…

Mediated semi-quantum key distribution (M-SQKD) permits two limited "semi-quantum" or "classical" users to establish a secret key with the help of a third party (TP), in which TP has fully quantum power and may be untrusted. Several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Chong-Qiang Ye , Jian Li , Xiu-Bo Chen , Yan-Yan Hou

In recent years, noticeable progress has been made in the development of quantum equipment, reflected through the number of successful demonstrations of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology. Although they showcase the great…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Miralem Mehic , Peppino Fazio , Stefan Rass , Oliver Maurhart , Momtchil Peev , Andreas Poppe , Jan Rozhon , Marcin Niemiec , Miroslav Voznak

In this work, we present a new class of genuine multipartite Bell inequalities, that is particularly designed for multipartite device-independent (DI) quantum key distribution (QKD), also called DI conference key agreement. We prove the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Timo Holz , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß