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Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely used Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method that updates an initial weight matrix $W_0$ with a delta matrix $\Delta W$ consisted by two low-rank matrices $A$ and $B$. A previous study suggested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Hwichan Kim , Shota Sasaki , Sho Hoshino , Ukyo Honda

In the training of large language models, parameter-efficient techniques such as LoRA optimize memory usage and reduce communication overhead and memory usage during the fine-tuning phase. However, applying such techniques directly during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Kaiye Zhou , Shucheng Wang , Jun Xu

As one of the most popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is commonly applied to fine-tune large language models (LLMs). However, updating the weights of LoRA blocks effectively and expeditiously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Shuhua Shi , Shaohan Huang , Minghui Song , Zhoujun Li , Zihan Zhang , Haizhen Huang , Furu Wei , Weiwei Deng , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang

The "pretrain-then-finetune" paradigm is commonly adopted in the deployment of large language models. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method, is often employed to adapt a base model to a multitude of tasks,…

Low-rank adaption (LoRA) is a prominent method that adds a small number of learnable parameters to the frozen pre-trained weights for parameter-efficient fine-tuning. Prompted by the question, ``Can we make its representation enough with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Injoon Hwang , Haewon Park , Youngwan Lee , Jooyoung Yang , SunJae Maeng

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a leading technique for efficiently fine-tuning text-to-image diffusion models, and its widespread adoption on open-source platforms has fostered a vibrant culture of model sharing and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Liangwei Lyu , Jiaqi Xu , Jianwei Ding , Qiyao Deng

We present a data-adaptive method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large neural networks. Standard low-rank adaptation methods improve efficiency by restricting each layer update to a fixed low-rank form, but this static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Omatharv Bharat Vaidya , Connor T. Jerzak , Nhat Ho , Chandrajit Bajaj

Instruction fine-tuning has conventionally been employed to adapt Large Language Models (LLMs) to a variety of tasks. Nonetheless, this technique often necessitates substantial computational resources, making it impractical for deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Zhenting Qi , Xiaoyu Tan , Shaojie Shi , Chao Qu , Yinghui Xu , Yuan Qi

Fine-tuning is a key approach for adapting language models to specific downstream tasks, but updating all model parameters becomes impractical as model sizes increase. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, such as Low-Rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Jiayang Yu , Yihang Zhang , Bin Wang , Peiqin Lin , Yongkang Liu , Shi Feng

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is widely studied for its effectiveness and efficiency in the era of large language models. Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has demonstrated commendable performance as a popular and representative method.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Zequan Liu , Jiawen Lyn , Wei Zhu , Xing Tian , Yvette Graham

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and its variants are widely employed in fine-tuning large models, including large language models for natural language processing and diffusion models for computer vision. This paper proposes a generalized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Xiangyu Chen , Jing Liu , Ye Wang , Pu Perry Wang , Matthew Brand , Guanghui Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino

With the rise in scale for deep learning models to billions of parameters, the computational cost of fine-tuning remains a significant barrier to deployment. While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become the standard for parameter-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ionut-Vlad Modoranu , Mher Safaryan , Dan Alistarh

Adapters and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques designed to make the training of language models more efficient. Previous results demonstrated that these methods can even improve performance on some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Olesya Razuvayevskaya , Ben Wu , Joao A. Leite , Freddy Heppell , Ivan Srba , Carolina Scarton , Kalina Bontcheva , Xingyi Song

LoRA achieves remarkable resource efficiency and comparable performance when adapting LLMs for specific tasks. Since ChatGPT demonstrated superior performance on various tasks, there has been a growing desire to adapt one model for all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yiming Wang , Yu Lin , Xiaodong Zeng , Guannan Zhang

Fine-tuning large-scale pretrained models is prohibitively expensive in terms of computational and memory costs. LoRA, as one of the most popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, offers a cost-effective alternative by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Shaowen Wang , Linxi Yu , Jian Li

Federated efficient fine-tuning has emerged as an approach that leverages distributed data and computational resources across nodes to address the challenges of large-scale fine-tuning and privacy preservation. The Low-Rank Adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jianzhe Zhao , Hailin Zhu , Yu Zhang , Ziqi Chen , Guibing Guo

Transformer-based, pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across diverse domains, particularly in the emerging {\em pretrain-then-finetune} paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Zhengmao Ye , Dengchun Li , Zetao Hu , Tingfeng Lan , Jian Sha , Sicong Zhang , Lei Duan , Jie Zuo , Hui Lu , Yuanchun Zhou , Mingjie Tang

LoRA has gained widespread acceptance in the fine-tuning of large pre-trained models to cater to a diverse array of downstream tasks, showcasing notable effectiveness and efficiency, thereby solidifying its position as one of the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and its variants have delivered strong capability in Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning (PETL) by minimizing trainable parameters and benefiting from reparameterization. However, their projection matrices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yue Zhu , Haiwen Diao , Shang Gao , Jiazuo Yu , Jiawen Zhu , Yunzhi Zhuge , Shuai Hao , Xu Jia , Lu Zhang , Ying Zhang , Huchuan Lu

The widespread utilization of language models in modern applications is inconceivable without Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning techniques, such as low-rank adaptation ($\texttt{LoRA}$), which adds trainable adapters to selected layers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Andrey Veprikov , Vladimir Solodkin , Alexander Zyl , Andrey Savchenko , Aleksandr Beznosikov