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Diffusion-based models have shown great promise in molecular generation but often require a large number of sampling steps to generate valid samples. In this paper, we introduce a novel Straight-Line Diffusion Model (SLDM) to tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuyan Ni , Shikun Feng , Haohan Chi , Bowen Zheng , Huan-ang Gao , Wei-Ying Ma , Zhi-Ming Ma , Yanyan Lan

Diffusion models have demonstrated empirical successes in various applications and can be adapted to task-specific needs via guidance. This paper studies a form of gradient guidance for adapting a pre-trained diffusion model towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-17 Yingqing Guo , Hui Yuan , Yukang Yang , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

We provide an overview of the diffusion model as a method to generate new samples. Generative models have been recently adopted for tasks such as art generation (Stable Diffusion, Dall-E) and text generation (ChatGPT). Diffusion models in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-13 Justin Le

Three-dimensional molecular generators based on diffusion models can now reach near-crystallographic accuracy, yet they remain fragmented across tasks. SMILES-only inputs, two-stage pretrain-finetune pipelines, and one-task-one-model…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-11 Dong Xu , Zhangfan Yang , Sisi Yuan , Jenna Xinyi Yao , Jiangqiang Li , Junkai Ji

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in video generation; however, the high computational cost of the denoising process remains a major bottleneck. Existing approaches have shown promise in reducing the number of diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xiao Liang , Yunzhu Zhang , Linchao Zhu

Many segmentation tasks, such as medical image segmentation or future state prediction, are inherently ambiguous, meaning that multiple predictions are equally correct. Current methods typically rely on generative models to capture this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Sebastian Gerard , Josephine Sullivan

Effectively addressing the challenge of industrial Anomaly Detection (AD) necessitates an ample supply of defective samples, a constraint often hindered by their scarcity in industrial contexts. This paper introduces a novel algorithm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Hanxi Li , Zhengxun Zhang , Hao Chen , Lin Wu , Bo Li , Deyin Liu , Mingwen Wang

Coarse-guided visual generation, which synthesizes fine visual samples from degraded or low-fidelity coarse references, is essential for various real-world applications. While training-based approaches are effective, they are inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yanghao Wang , Ziqi Jiang , Zhen Wang , Long Chen

This work studies discrete diffusion probabilistic models with applications to natural language generation. We derive an alternative yet equivalent formulation of the sampling from discrete diffusion processes and leverage this insight to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Lin Zheng , Jianbo Yuan , Lei Yu , Lingpeng Kong

Knowledge distillation has been applied to various tasks successfully. The current distillation algorithm usually improves students' performance by imitating the output of the teacher. This paper shows that teachers can also improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Zhendong Yang , Zhe Li , Mingqi Shao , Dachuan Shi , Zehuan Yuan , Chun Yuan

Any order generation of discrete data using masked diffusion models (MDMs) offers a compelling alternative to traditional autoregressive models, especially in domains that lack a natural causal ordering of data. However, current popular…

Adapting pretrained diffusion models to downstream objectives such as inverse problems often requires expensive test-time guidance or optimization. We propose a principled framework for generating high-quality reward-aligned samples at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kushagra Pandey , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Jan Niklas Groeneveld , Felix Draxler , Stephan Mandt

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for generative tasks, producing high-quality outputs across diverse domains. However, how the generated data responds to the initial noise perturbation in diffusion models remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Bowen Song , Zecheng Zhang , Zhaoxu Luo , Jason Hu , Wei Yuan , Jing Jia , Zhengxu Tang , Guanyang Wang , Liyue Shen

Diffusion (Large) Language Models (dLLMs) now match the downstream performance of their autoregressive counterparts on many tasks, while holding the promise of being more efficient during inference. One critical design aspect of dLLMs is…

A natural desideratum for generative models is self-correction--detecting and revising low-quality tokens at inference. While Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising approach for generative modeling in discrete spaces,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jaeyeon Kim , Seunggeun Kim , Taekyun Lee , David Z. Pan , Hyeji Kim , Sham Kakade , Sitan Chen

Diffusion-based image super-resolution (SR) methods have demonstrated remarkable performance. Recent advancements have introduced deterministic sampling processes that reduce inference from 15 iterative steps to a single step, thereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zihang Liu , Zhenyu Zhang , Hao Tang

Denoising diffusion models have emerged as the go-to generative framework for solving inverse problems in imaging. A critical concern regarding these models is their performance on out-of-distribution tasks, which remains an under-explored…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Riccardo Barbano , Alexander Denker , Hyungjin Chung , Tae Hoon Roh , Simon Arridge , Peter Maass , Bangti Jin , Jong Chul Ye

This article makes discrete masked models for the generative modeling of discrete data controllable. The goal is to generate samples of a discrete random variable that adheres to a posterior distribution, satisfies specific constraints, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wei Guo , Yuchen Zhu , Molei Tao , Yongxin Chen

Camouflaged Object Detection (COD) is a challenging task in computer vision due to the high similarity between camouflaged objects and their surroundings. Existing COD methods primarily employ semantic segmentation, which suffers from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zhongxi Chen , Ke Sun , Xianming Lin , Rongrong Ji

Learning dynamical systems from sparse observations is critical in numerous fields, including biology, finance, and physics. Even if tackling such problems is standard in general information fusion, it remains challenging for contemporary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ella Tamir , Arno Solin