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Efficient encoding of classical information plays a fundamental role in numerous practical quantum algorithms. However, the preparation of an arbitrary amplitude-encoded state has been proven to be time-consuming, and its deployment on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Chao Wang , Pengrui Zhou , Xi-Ning Zhuang , Ziwei Cui , Menghan Dou , Zhao-Yun Chen , Guo-Ping Guo

We study the classical compilation of quantum circuits for the preparation of matrix product states (MPS), which are quantum states of low entanglement with an efficient classical description. Our algorithm represents a near-term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Refik Mansuroglu , Norbert Schuch

We consider the preparation of matrix product states (MPS) on quantum devices via quantum circuits of local gates. We first prove that faithfully preparing translation-invariant normal MPS of $N$ sites requires a circuit depth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-26 Daniel Malz , Georgios Styliaris , Zhi-Yuan Wei , J. Ignacio Cirac

Matrix-product states (MPS) have proven to be a versatile ansatz for modeling quantum many-body physics. For many applications, and particularly in one-dimension, they capture relevant quantum correlations in many-body wavefunctions while…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-03 Joshua B. Moore , Hugo P. Stackhouse , Ben D. Fulcher , Sahand Mahmoodian

Matrix Product States (MPS) and Operators (MPO) have been proven to be a powerful tool to study quantum many-body systems but are restricted to moderately entangled states as the number of parameters scales exponentially with the…

Effective quantum computation relies upon making good use of the exponential information capacity of a quantum machine. A large barrier to designing quantum algorithms for execution on real quantum machines is that, in general, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-12 Adam Holmes , A. Y. Matsuura

The generalization of matrix product states (MPS) to continuous systems, as proposed in the breakthrough paper [F. Verstraete, J.I. Cirac, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 190405(2010)], provides a powerful variational ansatz for the ground state of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-06-07 Martin Ganahl , Julian Rincon , Guifre Vidal

We present a matrix product state (MPS) algorithm to approximate ground states of translationally invariant systems with periodic boundary conditions. For a fixed value of the bond dimension D of the MPS, we discuss how to minimize the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-21 B. Pirvu , F. Verstraete , G. Vidal

The matrix product state (MPS) belongs to the most important mathematical models in, for example, condensed matter physics and quantum information sciences. However, to realize an $N$-qubit MPS with large $N$ and large entanglement on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Shi-Ju Ran

We study the problem of finding a (pure) product state with optimal fidelity to an unknown $n$-qubit quantum state $\rho$, given copies of $\rho$. This is a basic instance of a fundamental question in quantum learning: is it possible to…

Preparing arbitrary quantum states requires exponential resources. Matrix Product States (MPS) admit more efficient constructions, particularly when accuracy is traded for circuit complexity. Existing approaches to MPS preparation mostly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Tomasz Szołdra , Rick Mukherjee , Peter Schmelcher

In stochastic modeling, there has been a significant effort towards finding predictive models that predict a stochastic process' future using minimal information from its past. Meanwhile, in condensed matter physics, matrix product states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-05 Chengran Yang , Felix C. Binder , Varun Narasimhachar , Mile Gu

A generic method to investigate many-body continuous-variable systems is pedagogically presented. It is based on the notion of matrix product states (so-called MPS) and the algorithms thereof. The method is quite versatile and can be…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-05-29 S. Iblisdir , R. Orus , J. I. Latorre

The matrix product state (MPS) is utilized to study the ground state properties and quantum phase transitions (QPTs) of the one-dimensional quantum compass model (QCM). The MPS wavefunctions are argued to be very efficient descriptions of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-06-05 Guang-Hua Liu , Wei Li , Wen-Long You , Guang-Shan Tian , Gang Su

Matrix product state (MPS) offers a framework for encoding classical data into quantum states, enabling the efficient utilization of quantum resources for data representation and processing. This research paper investigates techniques to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Hyeongjun Jeon , Kyungmin Lee , Dongkyu Lee , Bongsang Kim , Taehyun Kim

Adaptive quantum circuits, which combine local unitary gates, midcircuit measurements, and feedforward operations, have recently emerged as a promising avenue for efficient state preparation, particularly on near-term quantum devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Kevin C. Smith , Abid Khan , Bryan K. Clark , S. M. Girvin , Tzu-Chieh Wei

We introduce an efficient algorithm for the systematic design of shallow-depth quantum circuits capable of preparing many-body quantum states represented as Matrix Product States (MPS). The proposed method leverages Schmidt spectrum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Josh Green , Joshua Snow , Jingbo B Wang

Matrix Product States (MPS), also known as Tensor Train (TT) decomposition in mathematics, has been proposed originally for describing an (especially one-dimensional) quantum system, and recently has found applications in various…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-14 Zhuan Li , Pan Zhang

Numerical simulations are a powerful tool to study quantum systems beyond exactly solvable systems lacking an analytic expression. For one-dimensional entangled quantum systems, tensor network methods, amongst them Matrix Product States…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-02-28 Daniel Jaschke , Michael L. Wall , Lincoln D. Carr

The amplitude encoding of an arbitrary $n$-qubit state vector requires $\Omega(2^n)$ gate operations, owing to the exponential dimension of the Hilbert space. We can, however, form dimensionality-reduced representations of quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Josh Green , Jingbo B Wang
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