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Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex tasks thanks to advances in their reasoning abilities. However, existing methods overlook the trade-off between reasoning effectiveness and efficiency, often encouraging unnecessarily long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jingyao Wang , Wenwen Qiang , Zeen Song , Changwen Zheng , Hui Xiong

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are proficient at generating explicit, step-by-step reasoning sequences before producing final answers. However, such detailed reasoning can introduce substantial computational overhead and latency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Songjun Tu , Jiahao Lin , Qichao Zhang , Xiangyu Tian , Linjing Li , Xiangyuan Lan , Dongbin Zhao

Real-time understanding of continuous video streams is essential for interactive assistants and multimodal agents operating in dynamic environments. However, most existing video reasoning approaches follow a batch paradigm that defers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zikang Liu , Longteng Guo , Handong Li , Ru Zhen , Xingjian He , Ruyi Ji , Xiaoming Ren , Yanhao Zhang , Haonan Lu , Jing Liu

Recent studies show that the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be improved by applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to question-answering (QA) tasks in areas such as math and coding. With a long context length, LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Stephen Chung , Wenyu Du , Jie Fu

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have improved substantially through increased test-time computation, typically in the form of intermediate tokens known as chain-of-thought (CoT). However, CoT often becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Nathanaël Carraz Rakotonirina , Ren Pang , Neha Anna John , Michael Bohlke-Schneider , Momchil Hardalov

Recent advancements in multimodal reward models (RMs) have substantially improved post-training for visual generative models. However, current RMs face inherent limitations: (1) visual inputs consume large context budgets, forcing fewer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Qunzhong Wang , Jie Liu , Jiajun Liang , Yilei Jiang , Yuanxing Zhang , Yaozhi Zheng , Xintao Wang , Pengfei Wan , Xiangyu Yue , Jiaheng Liu

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often suffer from computational inefficiency due to overthinking, where a fixed reasoning budget fails to match the varying complexity of tasks. To address this issue, we propose Adaptive Overclocking, a method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shuhao Jiang , Songbo Wang , Yang Qiao , Chun Xu , Chaoyang Zheng , Shengyi Zhou , Huanjun Wang , Fangming Li , Cong Zhang , Jiyu Wang

Recent advancements in large reasoning models (LRMs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of scaling test-time computation to enhance reasoning capabilities on various tasks. However, LRMs often suffer from an ``overthinking'' problem, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yule Liu , Jingyi Zheng , Zhen Sun , Zifan Peng , Wenhan Dong , Zeyang Sha , Shiwen Cui , Weiqiang Wang , Xinlei He

Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently benefit from scaled Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but also suffer from heavy computational overhead. To address this issue, efficient reasoning aims to incentivize short yet accurate thinking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Taiqiang Wu , Zenan Xu , Bo Zhou , Ngai Wong

Human cognition is theorized to operate in two modes: fast, intuitive System 1 thinking and slow, deliberate System 2 thinking. While current Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) excel at System 2 thinking, their inability to perform fast thinking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zhengkai Lin , Zhihang Fu , Ze Chen , Chao Chen , Liang Xie , Wenxiao Wang , Deng Cai , Zheng Wang , Jieping Ye

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning, yet their efficiency is limited by the surging cognitive overhead of long thought traces. In this paper, we propose LightThinker, a method that enables LLMs to dynamically compress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Zhenjie Wan , Yujie Luo , Shuofei Qiao , Zhengke Gui , Da Zheng , Lei Liang , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in complex reasoning tasks, but their efficiency is hindered by the substantial memory and computational costs associated with generating lengthy tokens. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jintian Zhang , Yuqi Zhu , Mengshu Sun , Yujie Luo , Shuofei Qiao , Lun Du , Da Zheng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) often consume excessive tokens, inflating computational cost and latency. More broadly, in goal reaching sequential decision problems we often want to reach the goal quickly, and LRM reasoning can be viewed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Alex Ayoub , Kavosh Asadi , Dale Schuurmans , Csaba Szepesvári , Karim Bouyarmane

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet they often suffer from overthinking, expending redundant computational steps on simple problems, or underthinking, failing to explore sufficient reasoning paths…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yulin Li , Tengyao Tu , Li Ding , Junjie Wang , Huiling Zhen , Yixin Chen , Yong Li , Zhuotao Tian

Although Long Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved superior performance on various reasoning scenarios, they often suffer from increased computational costs and inference latency caused by overthinking. To address these limitations, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yujian Zhang , Keyu Chen , Zhifeng Shen , Ruizhi Qiao , Xing Sun

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) typically relies on massive computational resources and extensive datasets, limiting accessibility for resource-constrained settings. Our study investigates the potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Quy-Anh Dang , Chris Ngo

Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1 achieve high accuracy on complex tasks by adopting long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning paths. However, the inherent verbosity of these processes frequently results in redundancy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chenzhi Hu , Qinzhe Hu , Yuhang Xu , Junyi Chen , Ruijie Wang , Shengzhong Liu , Jianxin Li , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs), such as OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have demonstrated the effectiveness of test-time scaling, where extended reasoning processes substantially enhance model performance. Despite this, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Xiaoyu Tian , Sitong Zhao , Haotian Wang , Shuaiting Chen , Yunjie Ji , Yiping Peng , Han Zhao , Xiangang Li

In this paper, we introduce LiveMind, a novel low-latency inference framework for large language model (LLM) inference which enables LLMs to perform inferences with incomplete user input. By reallocating computational processes to the input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Chuangtao Chen , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) excel at complex tasks using Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, their tendency to overthinking leads to unnecessarily lengthy reasoning chains, dramatically increasing inference costs. To mitigate this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Zigeng Chen , Xinyin Ma , Gongfan Fang , Ruonan Yu , Xinchao Wang
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