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Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enables transcriptome-wide profiling while preserving the spatial context of tissues, offering unprecedented opportunities to study tissue organization and cell-cell interactions in situ. Despite recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Wei Wang , Quoc-Toan Ly , Chong Yu , Jun Bai

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enables gene expression mapping within anatomical context but remains costly and low-throughput. Hematoxylin and eosin (H\&E) staining offers rich morphology yet lacks molecular resolution. We present…

Spatial transcriptomics enables spatial gene expression profiling, motivating computational models that capture spatially conditioned regulatory relationships. We introduce SAGE-FM, a lightweight spatial transcriptomics foundation model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Xianghao Zhan , Jingyu Xu , Yuanning Zheng , Zinaida Good , Olivier Gevaert

Spatial transcriptomics is an emerging technology that aligns histopathology images with spatially resolved gene expression profiling. It holds the potential for understanding many diseases but faces significant bottlenecks such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Gabriel Mejia , Paula Cárdenas , Daniela Ruiz , Angela Castillo , Pablo Arbeláez

The advent of next-generation sequencing-based spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) techniques has reshaped genomic studies by enabling high-throughput gene expression profiling while preserving spatial and morphological context.…

Applications · Statistics 2025-02-20 Bencong Zhu , Alberto Cassese , Marina Vannucci , Michele Guindani , Qiwei Li

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) technologies provide biologists with rich insights into single-cell biology by preserving spatial context of cells. Building foundational models for ST can significantly enhance the analysis of vast and complex…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-24 Suyuan Zhao , Yizhen Luo , Ganbo Yang , Yan Zhong , Hao Zhou , Zaiqing Nie

Tumour heterogeneity in breast cancer poses challenges in predicting outcome and response to therapy. Spatial transcriptomics technologies may address these challenges, as they provide a wealth of information about gene expression at the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Md Mamunur Rahaman , Ewan K. A. Millar , Erik Meijering

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) enables the measurement of gene expression while preserving spatial information, offering critical insights into tissue architecture and disease pathology. Recent developments have explored the use of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hai Dang Nguyen , Nguyen Dang Huy Pham , The Minh Duc Nguyen , Dac Thai Nguyen , Hang Thi Nguyen , Duong M. Nguyen

Background: Spatial transcriptomics have emerged as a powerful tool in biomedical research because of its ability to capture both the spatial contexts and abundance of the complete RNA transcript profile in organs of interest. However,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-18 Shuo Shuo Liu , Shikun Wang , Yuxuan Chen , Anil K. Rustgi , Ming Yuan , Jianhua Hu

Deep learning-based nuclei segmentation and classification in pathology images typically rely on large-scale pixel-level manual annotations, which are costly and difficult to obtain across diverse tissues and staining conditions. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kazuya Nishimura , Ryoma Bise , Haruka Hirose , Yasuhiro Kojima

Quantitative characterization of cellular spatial organization is critical for understanding tumor progression and immune response. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable large-scale segmentation and classification of nuclei…

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is essential for understanding diseases and developing novel treatments. It measures gene expression of each fine-grained area (i.e., different windows) in the tissue slide with low throughput. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Yan Yang , Md Zakir Hossain , Eric A Stone , Shafin Rahman

Pathology foundation models (PFMs) have emerged as a core approach for learning transferable representations from whole slide images (WSIs), and they are typically benchmarked through downstream clinical endpoints. While such task level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bokai Zhao , Yiyang Zhang , Yuanchi Zhu , Hanqing Chao , Long Bai , Tai Ma , Minfeng Xu , Ming Song , Tianzi Jiang

With the rapid advancement of Spatial Resolved Transcriptomics (SRT) technology, it is now possible to comprehensively measure gene transcription while preserving the spatial context of tissues. Spatial domain identification and gene…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-14 Donghai Fang , Fangfang Zhu , Dongting Xie , Wenwen Min

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enables mapping gene expression with spatial context but is severely affected by high sparsity and technical noise, which conceals true biological signals and hinders downstream analyses. To address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sayeem Bin Zaman , Fahim Hafiz , Riasat Azim

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) allows a high-resolution measurement of RNA sequence abundance by systematically connecting cell morphology depicted in Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained histology images to spatially resolved gene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Sichen Zhu , Yuchen Zhu , Molei Tao , Peng Qiu

Spatial Transcriptomics is a novel technology that aligns histology images with spatially resolved gene expression profiles. Although groundbreaking, it struggles with gene capture yielding high corruption in acquired data. Given potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Gabriel Mejia , Daniela Ruiz , Paula Cárdenas , Leonardo Manrique , Daniela Vega , Pablo Arbeláez

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a promising technique that characterizes the spatial gene profiling patterns within the tissue context. Comprehensive ST analysis depends on consecutive slices for 3D spatial insights, whereas the missing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-19 NingFeng Que , Xiaofei Wang , Jingjing Chen , Yixuan Jiang , Chao Li

The development of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized our capacity to investigate cellular properties, functions, and interactions in both cellular and spatial contexts. However, the analysis of single-cell and…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-09 Shuang Ge , Shuqing Sun , Huan Xu , Qiang Cheng , Zhixiang Ren

Understanding how cellular morphology, gene expression, and spatial context jointly shape tissue function is a central challenge in biology. Image-based spatial transcriptomics technologies now provide high-resolution measurements of cell…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-17 Zhenglun Kong , Mufan Qiu , John Boesen , Xiang Lin , Sukwon Yun , Tianlong Chen , Manolis Kellis , Marinka Zitnik