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Memory safety vulnerabilities remain prevalent in today's software systems and one promising solution to mitigate them is to adopt memory-safe languages such as Rust. Due to legacy code written in memory unsafe C, there is strong motivation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Momoko Shiraishi , Yinzhi Cao , Takahiro Shinagawa

Rust is a strong contender for a memory-safe alternative to C as a "systems" language, but porting the vast amount of existing C code to Rust remains daunting. In this paper, we evaluate the potential of large language models (LLMs) to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Muhammad Farrukh , Baris Coskun , Tapti Palit , Michalis Polychronakis

Memory safety has long been a critical challenge in software engineering, particularly for legacy systems written in memory-unsafe languages such as C and C++. Rust, one of the youngest modern programming languages, offers built-in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Sarah Bedell , Nazanin Siavash , Armin Moin

In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in converting C code to Rust, to benefit from the memory and thread safety guarantees of Rust. C2Rust is a rule-based system that can automatically convert C code to functionally identical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Vikram Nitin , Rahul Krishna , Luiz Lemos do Valle , Baishakhi Ray

The Rust programming language, with its safety guarantees, has established itself as a viable choice for low-level systems programming language over the traditional, unsafe alternatives like C/C++. These guarantees come from a strong…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Pantazis Deligiannis , Akash Lal , Nikita Mehrotra , Aseem Rastogi

Migrating existing C programs into Rust is increasingly desired, as Rust offers superior memory safety while maintaining C's high performance. However, vastly different features between C and Rust--e.g., distinct definitions and usages of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Xuemeng Cai , Jiakun Liu , Xiping Huang , Yijun Yu , Haitao Wu , Chunmiao Li , Bo Wang , Imam Nur Bani Yusuf , Lingxiao Jiang

Rust is a programming language that combines memory safety and low-level control, providing C-like performance while guaranteeing the absence of undefined behaviors by default. Rust's growing popularity has prompted research on safe and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Yoshiki Takashima , Brandon Paulsen , Josiah Dodds , Daniel Kroening

Despite extensive usage in high-performance, low-level systems programming applications, C is susceptible to vulnerabilities due to manual memory management and unsafe pointer operations. Rust, a modern systems programming language, offers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Manish Shetty , Naman Jain , Adwait Godbole , Sanjit A. Seshia , Koushik Sen

Existing C to Rust translation techniques fail to balance quality and scalability: transpilation-based approaches scale to large projects but produce code with poor safety, idiomaticity, and readability. In contrast, LLM-based techniques…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Saman Dehghan , Tianran Sun , Tianxiang Wu , Zihan Li , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Rust is a multi-paradigm programming language developed by Mozilla that focuses on performance and safety. Rust code is arguably known best for its speed and memory safety, a property essential while developing embedded systems. Thus, it…

Rust is a modern systems programming language whose type system guarantees memory safety. For the sake of expressivity and performance it allows programmers to relax typing rules temporarily, using unsafe code blocks. However, in unsafe…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Nima Rahimi Foroushaani , Bart Jacobs

The growing adoption of Rust for its memory safety and performance has increased the demand for effective migration of legacy C codebases. However, existing rule-based translators (e.g., \ctorust) often generate verbose, non-idiomatic code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yanyan Yan , Yang Feng , Jiangshan Liu , Di Liu , Zixi Liu , Hao Teng , Baowen Xu

Rewriting C code in Rust provides stronger memory safety, yet migrating large codebases such as the 32-million-line Linux kernel remains challenging. While rule-based translators (e.g., C2Rust) provide accurate yet largely unsafe Rust…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yuchen Liu , Junhao Hu , Yingdi Shan , Ge Li , Yanzhen Zou , Yihong Dong , Tao Xie

Rust, an emerging programming language with explosive growth, provides a robust type system that enables programmers to write memory-safe and data-race free code. To allow access to a machine's hardware and to support low-level performance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Ana Nora Evans , Bradford Campbell , Mary Lou Soffa

Rust aims to offer full memory safety for programs, a guarantee that untamed C programs do not enjoy. How difficult is it to translate existing C code to Rust? To get a complementary view from that of automatic C to Rust translators, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Ruishi Li , Bo Wang , Tianyu Li , Prateek Saxena , Ashish Kundu

Rust aims to be a safe programming language applicable to systems programming applications. In particular, its type system has strong guardrails to prevent a variety of issues, such as memory safety bugs and data races. However, these…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Alex Le Blanc , Patrick Lam

Translating software written in C to Rust has significant benefits in improving memory safety. However, manual translation is cumbersome, error-prone, and often produces unidiomatic code. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Tianyang Zhou , Ziyi Zhang , Haowen Lin , Somesh Jha , Mihai Christodorescu , Kirill Levchenko , Varun Chandrasekaran

Rust is gaining popularity for its well-known memory safety guarantees and high performance, distinguishing it from C/C++ and JVM-based languages. Its compiler, rustc, enforces these guarantees through specialized mechanisms such as trait…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zixi Liu , Yang Feng , Yunbo Ni , Shaohua Li , Xizhe Yin , Qingkai Shi , Baowen Xu , Zhendong Su

The popularity of the Rust language continues to explode; yet, many critical codebases remain authored in C. Automatically translating C to Rust is thus an appealing course of action. Several works have gone down this path, handling an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Aymeric Fromherz , Jonathan Protzenko

C-to-Rust transpilation is essential for modernizing legacy C code while enhancing safety and interoperability with modern Rust ecosystems. However, no dataset currently exists for evaluating whether a system can transpile C into safe Rust…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Anirudh Khatry , Robert Zhang , Jia Pan , Ziteng Wang , Qiaochu Chen , Greg Durrett , Isil Dillig
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