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Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-based MAS), where multiple LLM agents collaborate to solve complex tasks, have shown impressive performance in many areas. However, MAS are typically distributed across different devices…

Multi-agent systems powered by large language models exhibit strong capabilities in collaborative problem-solving. However, these systems suffer from substantial knowledge redundancy. Agents duplicate efforts in retrieval and reasoning…

While large language models are capable diagnostic tools, the impact of multi-agent topology on diagnostic accuracy remains underexplored. This study evaluates four agent topologies, Control (single agent), Hierarchical, Adversarial, and…

Large Language Model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems are increasingly applied to automate computational workflows in science and engineering. However, how inter-agent dynamics influence reasoning quality and verification reliability remains…

Multi-agent debate system (MAD) imitating the process of human discussion in pursuit of truth, aims to align the correct cognition of different agents for the optimal solution. It is challenging to make various agents perform right and…

Several Multi-Agent System (MAS) metamodels and languages have been proposed in the literature to support the development of agent-based applications. MAS metamodels are used to capture a collection of concepts the relevant entities and…

This paper formalises the literature on emerging design patterns and paradigms for Large Language Model (LLM)-enabled multi-agent systems (MAS), evaluating their practical utility across various domains. We define key architectural…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by large language models suffer from severe token inefficiency arising from two compounding sources: (i) unstructured parallel execution, where all agents activate simultaneously irrespective of input…

Large language model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) have demonstrated cognitive and execution capabilities that far exceed those of single LLM agents, yet their capacity for self-evolution remains hampered by underdeveloped memory…

System correctness is one of the most crucial and challenging objectives in software and hardware systems. With the increasing evolution of connected and distributed systems, ensuring their correctness requires the use of formal…

Multi-agent systems provide a powerful way to extend large language models (LLMs) by decomposing a complex task into specialized subtasks handled by different agents. However, their performance is often hindered by error propagation,…

Large language model agents now act on codebases, browsers, operating systems, calendars, files, and tool ecosystems, but their evaluations often collapse behavior into final task success. AgentAtlas reframes agent evaluation as a…

While Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) excel in complex reasoning, they suffer from the cascading impact of erroneous information from individual agents. Current solutions often resort to rigid structural engineering or expensive fine-tuning,…

The rapid spread of misinformation in the digital era poses significant challenges to public discourse, necessitating robust and scalable fact-checking solutions. Traditional human-led fact-checking methods, while credible, struggle with…

Multi-agent debate (MAD) is an emerging approach to improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Existing MAD methods rely on multiple rounds of interaction among agents to reach consensus, and the final output is…

Large Language Models (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) have emerged as a new paradigm in software system design, increasingly demonstrating strong reasoning and collaboration capabilities. As these systems become more complex and…

Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious challenges for overseeing and assessing agent behavior. Most current tools are limited,…

Large Language Models (LLMs)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) exhibit remarkable problem-solving and task planning capabilities across diverse domains due to their specialized agentic roles and collaborative interactions. However, this also…

Recursive or looped language models have recently emerged as a new scaling axis by iteratively refining the same model computation over latent states to deepen reasoning. We extend such scaling principle from a single model to multi-agent…

Large language model-driven multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS) excel at complex tasks, yet unreliable agents remain a key bottleneck to system-level reliability. Automatic failure attribution is therefore critical, but existing approaches, such…