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Africa is home to over one-third of the world's languages, yet remains underrepresented in AI research. We introduce Afri-MCQA, the first Multilingual Cultural Question-Answering benchmark covering 7.5k Q&A pairs across 15 African languages…

Most learners worldwide are multilingual, yet implementing multilingual education remains challenging in practice. EdTech offers an opportunity to bridge this gap and expand access for linguistically diverse learners. We conducted a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Phenyo Phemelo Moletsane , Michael W. Asher , Christine Kwon , Paulo F. Carvalho , Amy Ogan

The NLP community recently saw the release of a new large open-access multilingual language model, BLOOM (BigScience et al., 2022) covering 46 languages. We focus on BLOOM's multilingual ability by evaluating its machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Rachel Bawden , François Yvon

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains heavily skewed towards English and a few other high-resource languages. This linguistic disparity is particularly evident for Bangla - the 5th most spoken language. A few initiatives…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Nishat Raihan , Marcos Zampieri

Large language models (LLMs) have gained popularity recently due to their outstanding performance in various downstream Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, low-resource languages are still lagging behind current…

Despite the widespread adoption of Large language models (LLMs), their remarkable capabilities remain limited to a few high-resource languages. Additionally, many low-resource languages (\eg African languages) are often evaluated only on…

The rise of digital technology has dramatically increased the potential for cyberbullying and online abuse, necessitating enhanced measures for detection and prevention, especially among children. This study focuses on detecting abusive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Phyllis Nabangi , Abdul-Jalil Zakaria , Jema David Ndibwile

Unlike major Western languages, most African languages are very low-resourced. Furthermore, the resources that do exist are often scattered and difficult to obtain and discover. As a result, the data and code for existing research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Laura Martinus , Jade Z. Abbott

Low-resource languages such as Sinhala are often overlooked by open-source Large Language Models (LLMs). In this research, we extend an existing multilingual LLM (Llama-3-8B) to better serve Sinhala. We enhance the LLM tokenizer with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 H. W. K. Aravinda , Rashad Sirajudeen , Samith Karunathilake , Nisansa de Silva , Surangika Ranathunga , Rishemjit Kaur

Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with a population of more than 200 million people. More than 500 languages are spoken in Nigeria and it is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world. Despite this, natural…

Language models are the foundation of current neural network-based models for natural language understanding and generation. However, research on the intrinsic performance of language models on African languages has been extremely limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Stuart Mesham , Luc Hayward , Jared Shapiro , Jan Buys

Large language models (LLMs) need to serve everyone, including a global majority of non-English speakers. However, most LLMs today, and open LLMs in particular, are often intended for use in just English (e.g. Llama2, Mistral) or a small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Carolin Holtermann , Paul Röttger , Timm Dill , Anne Lauscher

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is becoming a dominant subset of artificial intelligence as the need to help machines understand human language looks indispensable. Several NLP applications are ubiquitous, partly due to the myriad of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Toheeb Aduramomi Jimoh , Tabea De Wille , Nikola S. Nikolov

Bangla is a language spoken by approximately 240 million native speakers and around 300 million people worldwide. Despite being the 5th largest spoken language in the world, Bangla is still a "low-resource" language, and existing pretrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Abdullah Khan Zehady , Shubhashis Roy Dipta , Naymul Islam , Safi Al Mamun , Santu Karmaker

In this paper, we focus on the task of multilingual machine translation for African languages and describe our contribution in the 2021 WMT Shared Task: Large-Scale Multilingual Machine Translation. We introduce MMTAfrica, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Chris C. Emezue , Bonaventure F. P. Dossou

Multilingual transformer models like mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa have obtained great improvements for many NLP tasks on a variety of languages. However, recent works also showed that results from high-resource languages could not be easily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Michael A. Hedderich , David Adelani , Dawei Zhu , Jesujoba Alabi , Udia Markus , Dietrich Klakow

Dialogue generation is an important NLP task fraught with many challenges. The challenges become more daunting for low-resource African languages. To enable the creation of dialogue agents for African languages, we contribute the first…

Where and how language models (LMs) are deployed determines who can benefit from them. However, there are several challenges that prevent effective deployment of LMs in non-English-speaking and hardware constrained communities in the Global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Lester James V. Miranda , Songbo Hu , Roi Reichart , Anna Korhonen

We present our journey in training a speech language model for Wolof, an underrepresented language spoken in West Africa, and share key insights. We first emphasize the importance of collecting large-scale, spontaneous, high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaya Sy , Dioula Doucouré , Christophe Cerisara , Irina Illina