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This paper provides an introduction to the theory of semiconductor laser diodes, with special focus on their noise properties. It may be considered an additional chapter to the textbook [1]. As such, it will also refer to equations in that…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-13 Bjarne Tromborg , Palle Jeppesen

Speckle is a wave interference phenomenon that has been studied in various fields, including optics, hydrodynamics and acoustics. Speckle patterns contain spectral information of the interfering waves, and of the scattering medium that…

In this technical review we give an introduction to optical spectroscopy for layered materials as a powerful, non-invasive tool to access details of the electronic band structure and crystal quality. Potential applications in photonics and…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-18 Shivangi Shree , Ioannis Paradisanos , Xavier Marie , Cedric Robert , Bernhard Urbaszek

Generating visible light with wide tunability and high coherence based on photonic integrated circuits is of high interest for applications in biophotonics, precision metrology and quantum technology. Here we present the first demonstration…

When optically excited, iodine absorbs in the 490- to 650-nm visible region of the spectrum and, after radiative relaxation, it displays an emission spectrum of discrete vibrational bands at moderate resolution. This makes laser-induced…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-07-10 S. B. Bayram , M. V. Freamat

Diode lasers enable one to continuously cover the 730 to 1100 nm range as well as the 370 to 550 nm range by frequency doubling, but a large part of the electro-magnetic spectrum spanning from green to red remains accessible only through…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gabriele Ferrari

We describe a laser interferometer experiment for the undergraduate teaching laboratory that achieves picometer sensitivity in a hands-on table-top instrument. In addition to providing an introduction to interferometer physics and optical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-22 Kenneth G. Libbrecht , Eric D. Black

The aim of this paper is to review some of the models and solution techniques used in the simulation of high-power semiconductor lasers and to address open questions. We discuss some of the peculiarities in the description of the optical…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-06 Hans Wenzel

The intensity noise of a laser source represents one of the key factors limiting the ultimate sensitivity in laser-based systems for sensing and telecommunication. For advanced applications based on interferometry, the availability of a…

A room temperature operating Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser is applied around 1550 nm to intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy analyzed by time-resolved Fourier transform interferometry. At an equivalent pathlength of…

Optics is an important subfield of physics required for instrument design and used in a variety of other disciplines, including materials science, physics, and life sciences such as developmental biology and cell biology. It is important to…

External-cavity diode lasers are ubiquitous in atomic physics and a wide variety of other scientific disciplines, due to their excellent affordability, coherence length and versatility. However, for higher power applications, the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-07-08 Andrew Daffurn , Rachel F. Offer , Aidan S. Arnold

Optical coatings are widespread in everyday life, from camera lenses to glasses, to complex optics experiments. A simple, reliable device that can quickly and inexpensively analyze optical coatings is a valuable laboratory tool. Such a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-06-10 Kayla Hardie , Sascha Agne , Katanya B. Kuntz , Thomas Jennewein

Although the observation of optical spectra is common practice in physics classes, students are usually limited to a passive, qualitative observation of nice colours. This article discusses a diffraction-based spectrometer that allows…

Physics Education · Physics 2012-04-30 Robert Fischer

We designed and built a do-it-yourself spectrograph assembly to demonstrate the concept of spectroscopy, an indispensable tool for exploring the cosmos. This spectrograph is designed for optical band (400-750 nm). It uses a transmission…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-03 Pradip Gatkine , Gregorio Zimerman , Elizabeth Warner

We demonstrate injection-locking of 120mW laser diodes operating at 397nm. We achieve stable operation with injection powers of ~100uW and a slave laser output power of up to 110mW. We investigate the spectral purity of the slave laser…

Optics · Physics 2015-09-18 V. M. Schäfer , C. J. Ballance , C. J. Tock , D. M. Lucas

We describe a superconducting device capable of producing laser light in the visible range at half of the Josephson generation frequency with the optical phase of the light locked to the superconducting phase difference. It consists of two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-09-13 Frans Godschalk , Fabian Hassler , Yuli V. Nazarov

We present an educational tool, a microscope with a video camera, that can be fabricated either from a standard microscope or assembled from inexpensive, commercially available components (objectives, beam splitters, LEDs, linear stages)…

We show that nonlinear dynamics in diode lasers with optical injection leads to frequency tunable microwave sidebands which are suitable for atomic physics experiments. We demonstrate the applicability of the sidebands in an experiment…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-07-24 C. I. Laidler , S. Eriksson

The versatility of optics enables the design of a wide range of elegant beam instrumentation. Multiple properties of particle beams can be precisely measured by various optical techniques, which include: direct sampling of optical radiation…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2020-07-23 Stephen Gibson
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