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This is the second of a series of papers which aim towards a classification of edge-transitive maps of which the Euler characteristic and the edge number are coprime. This one carries out the classification work for arc-transitive maps with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Cai Heng Li , Luyi Liu

This is one of a series of papers which aim towards a classification of edge-transitive maps of which the Euler characteristic and the edge number are coprime. This one establishes a framework and carries out the classification work for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Cai Heng Li , Luyi Liu

In this paper we provide a classification of all regular maps on surfaces of Euler characteristic $-r^d$ for some odd prime $r$ and integer $d\ge 1$. Such maps are necessarily non-orientable, and the cases where $d = 1$ or $2$ have been…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Marston Conder , Nick Gill , Jozef Širáň

If the face\mbox{-}cycles at all the vertices in a map are of the same type, then the map is said to be a semi-equivelar map. Automorphism (symmetry) of a map can be thought of as a permutation of the vertices which preserves the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-13 Marbarisha M. Kharkongor , Debashis Bhowmik , Dipendu Maity

In this article, we study orientably-regular maps of Euler characteristic $-2p^2$ and classify those that admit a group of orientation-preserving automorphisms of order $10p^2$, where $p$ is a prime number. Along the way, we classify all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Tomás Foncea E. , Sebastián Reyes-Carocca

The edges surrounding a face of a map $M$ form a cycle $C$, called the boundary cycle of the face, and $C$ is often not a simple cycle. If the map $M$ is arc-transitive, then there is a cyclic subgroup of automorphisms of $M$ which leaves…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-05 Jiyong Chen , Cai Heng Li , Cheryl E. Praeger , Shu-Jiao Song

Among all equivelar vertex-transitive maps on a given closed surface S, the automorphism groups of maps with Schl\"afli types {3, 7} and {7, 3} allow the highest possible order. We describe a procedure to transform all such maps into 1- or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-28 Daniel Pellicer

An edge-biregular map arises as a smooth normal quotient of a unique index-two subgroup of a full triangle group acting with two edge-orbits. We give a classification of all finite edge-biregular maps on surfaces of negative prime Euler…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-08 Olivia Jeans , Jozef Širáň

A map is bi-orientable if it admits an assignment of local orientations to its vertices such that for every edge, the local orientations at its two endpoints are opposite. Such an assignment is called a bi-orientation of the map. A…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Jiyong Chen , Zhaochen Ding , Cai Heng Li

In this paper, we give a classification of regular maps with Euler characteristic $-pq$ for distinct primes $q>p\geq 5$. This together with previous classification of regular maps with Euler characteristic $-2p,-3p$ and $-p^2$ completes the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Xiaogang Li , Yao Tian

A map is a cellular decomposition of a closed surface. In the framework of classifying all regular maps by their supporting surface, it is an open problem to find all closed surfaces that support no regular maps. Classification of regular…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Xiaogang Li , Yao Tian

We obtain sharp rotation bounds for homeomorphisms $f:\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ whose distortion is in $L^p_{loc}$, $p\geq1$, and whose inverse have controlled modulus of continuity. The motivation to study this class of maps comes from…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Lauri Hitruhin , Banhirup Sengupta

Toral automorphisms are widely used (discrete) dynamical systems, the perhaps most prominent example (in 2D) being Arnold's cat map. Given such an automorphism M, its symmetries (i.e. all automorphisms that commute with M) and reversing…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Baake

A characterization is completed for finite groups acting arc-transitively on maps with square-free Euler characteristic, associated with infinite families of regular maps of square-free Euler characteristic presented. This is based on a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-12 P. C. Hua , C. H. Li , J. B. Zhang , H. Zhou

We introduce the concept of alternate-edge-colourings for maps, and study highly symmetric examples of such maps. Edge-biregular maps of type $(k,l)$ occur as smooth normal quotients of a particular index two subgroup of $T_{k,l}$, the full…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-30 Olivia Reade Jeans

Rotary maps (orientably regular maps) are highly symmetric graph embeddings on orientable surfaces. This paper classifies all rotary maps whose underlying graphs are Praeger-Xu graphs, denoted $\operatorname{C}(p,r,s)$, for any odd prime…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Zhaochen Ding , Zheng Guo , Luyi Liu

An element of a group is \emph{reversible} if it is conjugate to its own inverse, and it is \emph{strongly reversible} if it is conjugate to its inverse by an involution. A group element is strongly reversible if and only if it can be…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Nick Gill , Ian Short

We develop a new framework for analysing finite connected, oriented graphs of valency 4, which admit a vertex-transitive and edge-transitive group of automorphisms preserving the edge orientation. We identify a sub-family of "basic" graphs…

We classify all finite 2-groups that have a cyclic or dihedral maximal subgroup and determine their automorphism groups. Based on this result, we classify all pairs $ (G,\mathcal{M}) $, such that $ G $ is a finite 2-group and $ \mathcal{M}…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Peice Hua

For each of the 14 classes of edge-transitive maps described by Graver and Watkins, necessary and sufficient conditions are given for a group to be the automorphism group of a map, or of an orientable map without boundary, in that class.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Gareth A. Jones
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