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Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful post-training paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, reinforcement learning for LLMs faces substantial data scarcity challenges,…

We study the efficacy of fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for the specific task of report (government archives, news, intelligence reports) summarization. While this topic is being very actively researched - our specific application…

Question-answering (QA) is a significant application of Large Language Models (LLMs), shaping chatbot capabilities across healthcare, education, and customer service. However, widespread LLM integration presents a challenge for small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Md Adnan Arefeen , Biplob Debnath , Srimat Chakradhar

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) knowledge with sequential decision-making tasks. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated the impact on LLM agents capabilities of…

Transformers suffer from a high computational cost that grows with sequence length for self-attention, making inference in long streams prohibited by memory consumption. Constant-memory alternatives such as RNNs and SSMs compress history…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zhixin Zhang , Shabo Zhang , Chengcan Wu , Zeming Wei , Meng Sun

Scaling laws have transformed our understanding of large language models by linking upstream metrics like cross-entropy loss to design factors such as model size, training data, and compute. However, these conventional laws fail to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Kyle Montgomery , David Park , Jianhong Tu , Michael Bendersky , Beliz Gunel , Dawn Song , Chenguang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

In-context learning (ICL) of large language models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attention in the community where LLMs make predictions only based on instructions augmented with a few examples. Existing example selection methods for ICL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Haowei Du , Dongyan Zhao

The automation of news analysis and summarization presents a promising solution to the challenge of processing and analyzing vast amounts of information prevalent in today's information society. Large Language Models (LLMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Lionel Richy Panlap Houamegni , Fatih Gedikli

Multi-turn dialogues are characterized by their extended length and the presence of turn-taking conversations. Traditional language models often overlook the distinct features of these dialogues by treating them as regular text. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Sangwoo Cho , Kaiqiang Song , Chao Zhao , Xiaoyang Wang , Dong Yu

Large language model (LLM) approaches to tabular summarization rely on extensive prompt engineering, decomposition pipelines, or entity-level intermediate representations to achieve strong performance. While effective, these strategies are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ritam Upadhyay , Naman Ahuja , Rishabh Baral , Aparna Garimella , Vivek Gupta

Dialog summarization has become increasingly important in managing and comprehending large-scale conversations across various domains. This task presents unique challenges in capturing the key points, context, and nuances of multi-turn long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Ankan Mullick , Ayan Kumar Bhowmick , Raghav R , Ravi Kokku , Prasenjit Dey , Pawan Goyal , Niloy Ganguly

Text summarization is a crucial task that requires the simultaneous optimization of multiple objectives, including consistency, coherence, relevance, and fluency, which presents considerable challenges. Although large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Junjie Song , Yiwen Liu , Dapeng Li , Yin Sun , Shukun Fu , Siqi Chen , Yuji Cao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in understanding long-context inputs. However, benchmarks for evaluating the long-context reasoning abilities of LLMs fall behind the pace. Existing benchmarks often focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhan Ling , Kang Liu , Kai Yan , Yifan Yang , Weijian Lin , Ting-Han Fan , Lingfeng Shen , Zhengyin Du , Jiecao Chen

The rapid increase in textual information means we need more efficient methods to sift through, organize, and understand it all. While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) models excel in accessing information from large document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Seiji Maekawa , Hayate Iso , Nikita Bhutani

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in handling natural language tasks; however, they may struggle to consistently follow complex instructions including those involve multiple constraints. Post-training LLMs using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuheng Lu , ZiMeng Bai , Caixia Yuan , Huixing Jiang , Xiaojie Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in text summarization, yet their performance often falls short when applied to specialized domains that differ from their original pre-training distribution. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Xue-Yong Fu , Elena Khasanova , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Harsh Saini , Shashi Bhushan TN

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to have limited extrapolation ability beyond their pre-trained context window, constraining their application in downstream tasks with lengthy inputs. Recent studies have sought to extend LLMs' context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yikai Zhang , Junlong Li , Pengfei Liu

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promise in video understanding. However, their reasoning often suffers from thinking drift and weak temporal comprehension, even when enhanced by Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peiyao Wang , Haotian Xu , Noranart Vesdapunt , Rui Hou , Jingyi Zhang , Haibin Ling , Oleksandr Obiednikov , Ning Zhou , Kah Kuen Fu

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has shown promise for training LLM agents to perform multi-turn decision-making based on environment feedback. However, most existing evaluations remain largely in-domain: training and testing are conducted…