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Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as the central control unit of AI agents, yet current approaches remain limited in their ability to deliver personalized interactions. While Retrieval Augmented Generation enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rebecca Westhäußer , Wolfgang Minker , Sebatian Zepf

Rapidly evolving cyberattacks demand incident response systems that can autonomously learn and adapt to changing threats. Prior work has extensively explored the reinforcement learning approach, which involves learning response strategies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yiran Gao , Kim Hammar , Tao Li

The emergence of large language model (LLM)-based agents has significantly advanced the development of autonomous machine learning (ML) engineering. However, the dominant prompt-based paradigm exhibits limitations: smaller models lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zexi Liu , Jingyi Chai , Xinyu Zhu , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Bo Zhang , Lei Bai , Siheng Chen

Human-in-the-loop (HITL) frameworks are increasingly recognized for their potential to improve annotation accuracy in emotion estimation systems by combining machine predictions with human expertise. This study focuses on integrating a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sahana Yadnakudige Subramanya , Ko Watanabe , Andreas Dengel , Shoya Ishimaru

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in practice across a wide range of autonomous applications. Yet current safety mechanisms for LLM agents focus almost exclusively on preventing failures in advance, providing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Zibo Xiao , Jun Sun , Junjie Chen

Agentic workflows in large language model systems integrate retrieval, reasoning, and memory, but existing frameworks suffer from scalability and reproducibility limitations due to fragmented data orchestration, serialization overhead, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arup Kumar Sarker , Mills Staylor , Aymen Alsaadi , Gregor von Laszewski , Shantenu Jha , Geoffrey Fox

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly used for planning in orchestrated multi-agent systems. However, existing LLM-based approaches often fall short of human expectations and, critically, lack effective mechanisms for users to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hannah Kim , Kushan Mitra , Chen Shen , Dan Zhang , Estevam Hruschka

Language model (LM) agents have gained significant attention for their ability to autonomously complete tasks through interactions with environments, tools, and APIs. LM agents are primarily built with prompt engineering or supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Renxi Wang , Rifo Ahmad Genadi , Bilal El Bouardi , Yongxin Wang , Fajri Koto , Zhengzhong Liu , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

LLM-based software engineering is influencing modern software development. In addition to correctness, prior studies have also examined the performance of software artifacts generated by AI agents. However, it is unclear how exactly the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Md Nahidul Islam Opu , Shahidul Islam , Muhammad Asaduzzaman , Shaiful Chowdhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) agents are increasingly pivotal for addressing complex tasks in interactive environments. Existing work mainly focuses on enhancing performance through behavior cloning from stronger experts, yet such approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Siyu Yuan , Zehui Chen , Zhiheng Xi , Junjie Ye , Zhengyin Du , Jiecao Chen

Roll-to-roll manufacturing requires precise tension and velocity control to ensure product quality, yet controller commissioning and adaptation remain time-intensive processes dependent on expert knowledge. This paper presents an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Jiachen Li , Shihao Li , Christopher Martin , Zijun Chen , Dongmei Chen , Wei Li

Long-running LLM agents require persistent memory to preserve state across interactions, yet most deployed systems manage memory with age-based retention (e.g., TTL). While TTL bounds item lifetime, it does not bound the computational…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Emmanuel Bamidele

The integration of experimental technologies with large language models (LLMs) is transforming scientific research. It positions AI as a versatile research assistant rather than a mere problem-solving tool. In the field of power systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mengshuo Jia , Zeyu Cui , Gabriela Hug

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have recently shown strong potential in domains such as automated coding, deep research, and graphical user interface manipulation. However, training them to succeed on long-horizon, domain-specialized…

Agentic AI workflows (systems that autonomously plan and act) are becoming widespread, yet their task success rate on complex tasks remains low. A promising solution is inference-time alignment, which uses extra compute at test time to…

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly enhanced the capabilities of AI-driven agents across various tasks. However, existing agentic systems, whether based on fixed pipeline algorithms or pre-defined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xunjian Yin , Xinyi Wang , Liangming Pan , Li Lin , Xiaojun Wan , William Yang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly capable but often require significant guidance or extensive interaction history to perform effectively in complex, interactive environments. Existing methods may struggle with adapting to new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Samuel Holt , Max Ruiz Luyten , Thomas Pouplin , Mihaela van der Schaar

LLM-powered agents face a persistent challenge: learning from their execution experiences to improve future performance. While agents can successfully complete many tasks, they often repeat inefficient patterns, fail to recover from similar…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Gaodan Fang , Vatche Isahagian , K. R. Jayaram , Ritesh Kumar , Vinod Muthusamy , Punleuk Oum , Gegi Thomas

Modern industrial applications increasingly demand language models that act as agents, capable of multi-step reasoning and tool use in real-world settings. These tasks are typically performed under strict cost and latency constraints,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yuanjie Lyu , Chengyu Wang , Haonan Zheng , Yuanhao Yue , Junbing Yan , Ming Wang , Jun Huang

Lifelong learning, also known as continual or incremental learning, is a crucial component for advancing Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) by enabling systems to continuously adapt in dynamic environments. While large language models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Junhao Zheng , Chengming Shi , Xidi Cai , Qiuke Li , Duzhen Zhang , Chenxing Li , Dong Yu , Qianli Ma