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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened a window on many new puzzles in the early Universe, including a population of high-redshift star clusters with extremely high stellar surface density, suggesting unique star formation…

Advances in the discovery and characterization of asteroids over the past decade have revealed an unanticipated underlying structure that points to a dramatic early history of the inner Solar System. The asteroids in the main asteroid belt…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-13 Francesca DeMeo , Benoit Carry

Observing exoplanets through transmission spectroscopy supplies detailed information on their atmospheric composition, physics, and chemistry. Prior to JWST, these observations were limited to a narrow wavelength range across the…

A new type of high-energy binary system has been revealed by the INTEGRAL satellite. These sources are being unveiled by means of multi-wavelength optical, near- and mid-infrared observations. Among these sources, two distinct classes are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-11 Sylvain Chaty

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is expected to revolutionize the field of exoplanets. The broad wavelength coverage and the high sensitivity of its instruments will allow characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres with unprecedented…

The D68 ringlet is the innermost feature in Saturn's rings. Four clumps that appeared in D68 around 2014 remained evenly spaced about 30 degrees apart and moved very slowly relative to each other from 2014 up until the last measurements…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-19 Joseph A. A'Hearn , Matthew M. Hedman , Douglas P. Hamilton

Occulting galaxy pairs have been used to determine the transmission and dust composition within the foreground galaxy. Observations of the nearly face-on ring-like debris disk around the solar-like star HD 107146 by HST/ACS in 2004 and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-01 L. van Sluijs , D. A. J. H. Vaendel , B. W. Holwerda , M. A. Kenworthy , G. Schneider

Recently, the Kepler Space Telescope has detected several planets in orbit around a close binary star system. These so-called circumbinary planets will experience non-trivial spatial and temporal distributions of radiative flux on their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Duncan H. Forgan , Alexander Mead , Charles S. Cockell , John A. Raven

Planetary rings are often speculated as being a relatively common attribute of giant planets, partly based on their prevalence within the Solar System. However, their formation and sustainability remain a topic of open discussion, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-26 Stephen R. Kane , Zhexing Li

Brown dwarfs can serve as both clocks and chemical tracers of the evolutionary history of the Milky Way due to their continuous cooling and high sensitivity of spectra to composition. We focus on brown dwarfs in globular clusters that host…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-11 Roman Gerasimov , Adam J. Burgasser , Derek Homeier , Luigi R. Bedin , Jon M. Rees , Michele Scalco , Jay Anderson , Maurizio Salaris

Among the growing number of small body rings in the solar system, the ring of Haumea has a special status as it is likely suitable for direct imaging in the visible and submillimeter wavelengths. In this paper, we highlight its sole…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-10 Csilla Kalup , László Molnár , Csaba Kiss

The study of extra-solar planetary systems has emerged as a new discipline of observational astronomy in the past few years with the discovery of a number of extra-solar planets. The properties of most of these extra-solar planets were not…

The era of exoplanet characterization is upon us. For a subset of exoplanets -- the transiting planets -- physical properties can be measured, including mass, radius, and atmosphere characteristics. Indeed, measuring the atmospheres of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Seager , D. Deming , J. A. Valenti

Recent exo-planetary surveys reveal that planets can orbit and survive around binary stars. This suggests that some fraction of young binary systems which possess massive circumbinary disks (CB) may be in the midst of planet formation.…

The optically and IR bright, and starlight-scattering, HR 4796A ring-like debris disk is one of the most (and best) studied exoplanetary debris systems. The presence of a yet-undetected planet has been inferred (or suggested) from the…

The light curve of 1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6, a $\sim$16 Myr old star in the Sco-Cen OB association, underwent a complex series of deep eclipses that lasted 56 days, centered on April 2007. This light curve is interpreted as the transit of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Matthew A. Kenworthy , Eric E. Mamajek

We present observations of the two closest globular clusters, NGC 6121 and NGC 6397, taken with the NIRISS detector of JWST. The combination of our new JWST data with archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images allows us to compute proper…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-12 M. Libralato , R. Gerasimov , L. Bedin , J. Anderson , D. Apai , A. Bellini , A. J. Burgasser , M. Griggio , D. Nardiello , M. Salaris , M. Scalco , E. Vesperini

Models are developed to simulate lightcurves of stars dimmed by transiting exoplanets with and without rings. These models are then applied to \textit{Kepler} photometry to search for planetary rings in a sample of 21 exoplanets, mostly hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-17 Matthew Z. Heising , Geoffrey W. Marcy , Hilke E. Schlichting

We discuss a possible method for detection of dark companions of galactic objects of stellar mass. Such binary systems are likely to occur in the galactic disk and possibly also in the halo. The high incidence of binary and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 A. D. Bolatto , E. E. Falco

The study of the internal structure of star clusters provides important clues concerning their formation mechanism and dynamical evolution. There are both observational and numerical evidences indicating that open clusters evolve from an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-09-15 Emilio Alfaro , Nestor Sanchez