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Effective prompt engineering is critical to realizing the promised productivity gains of large language models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. Yet, many users struggle to craft prompts that yield high-quality outputs, limiting the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Niklas Gutheil , Valentin Mayer , Leopold Müller , Jörg Rommelt , Niklas Kühl

Planning is an important capability of artificial agents that perform long-horizon tasks in real-world environments. In this work, we explore the use of pre-trained language models (PLMs) to reason about plan sequences from text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Anthony Z. Liu , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Sungryull Sohn , Honglak Lee

Large Language Models are increasingly proposed as cognitive components for robotic systems, yet their opaque decision processes make it difficult to explain success or failure in closed-loop embodied tasks. Following an empirical AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Oussama Zenkri , Oliver Brock

Path planning is a fundamental scientific problem in robotics and autonomous navigation, requiring the derivation of efficient routes from starting to destination points while avoiding obstacles. Traditional algorithms like A* and its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Silin Meng , Yiwei Wang , Cheng-Fu Yang , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in real-world decision-making tasks for embodied artificial intelligence, especially when fine-tuned to leverage their inherent common sense and reasoning abilities while being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ruochen Jiao , Shaoyuan Xie , Justin Yue , Takami Sato , Lixu Wang , Yixuan Wang , Qi Alfred Chen , Qi Zhu

The advancement of embodied intelligence is accelerating the integration of robots into daily life as human assistants. This evolution requires robots to not only interpret high-level instructions and plan tasks but also perceive and adapt…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhichen Lou , Kechun Xu , Zhongxiang Zhou , Rong Xiong

Embodied agents operating in household environments must interpret ambiguous and under-specified human instructions. A capable household robot should recognize ambiguity and ask relevant clarification questions to infer the user intent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ram Ramrakhya , Matthew Chang , Xavier Puig , Ruta Desai , Zsolt Kira , Roozbeh Mottaghi

Recent advances in LLM have been instrumental in autonomous robot control and human-robot interaction by leveraging their vast general knowledge and capabilities to understand and reason across a wide range of tasks and scenarios. Previous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jonas Bode , Bastian Pätzold , Raphael Memmesheimer , Sven Behnke

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new possibilities in Multi-Robot Systems (MRS), enabling enhanced communication, task allocation and planning, and human-robot interaction. Unlike traditional single-robot and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Peihan Li , Zijian An , Shams Abrar , Lifeng Zhou

Procedural planning aims to implement complex high-level goals by decomposition into sequential simpler low-level steps. Although procedural planning is a basic skill set for humans in daily life, it remains a challenge for large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Yujie Lu , Weixi Feng , Wanrong Zhu , Wenda Xu , Xin Eric Wang , Miguel Eckstein , William Yang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong abilities in common-sense reasoning and interactive decision-making, but often struggle with complex, long-horizon planning tasks. Recent techniques have sought to structure LLM outputs using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Anthony Z. Liu , Xinhe Wang , Jacob Sansom , Yao Fu , Jongwook Choi , Sungryull Sohn , Jaekyeom Kim , Honglak Lee

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown inspiring achievements in constructing autonomous agents that rely on language descriptions as inputs. However, it remains unclear how well LLMs can function as few-shot or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zixia Jia , Mengmeng Wang , Baichen Tong , Song-Chun Zhu , Zilong Zheng

As knowledge and semantics on the web grow increasingly complex, enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs)' comprehension and reasoning capabilities has become particularly important. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has been shown to enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ke Chen , Jiandian Zeng , Zihao Peng , Guo Li , Guangxue Zhang , Tian Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing, mathematical problem solving, and tasks related to program synthesis. However, their effectiveness in long-term planning and higher-order…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Erik Wu , Sayan Mitra

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) provide robots with contextual reasoning abilities to comprehend human instructions. Yet, current LLM-enabled robots typically depend on cloud-based models or high-performance computing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Wenhao Wang , Yanyan Li , Long Jiao , Jiawei Yuan

Enabling robots to execute long-horizon manipulation tasks from free-form language instructions remains a fundamental challenge in embodied AI. While vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise as high-level planners, their deployment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zitong Bo , Yue Hu , Jinming Ma , Mingliang Zhou , Junhui Yin , Yachen Kang , Yuqi Liu , Tong Wu , Diyun Xiang , Hao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been the subject of active research, significantly advancing the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). From BERT to BLOOM, LLMs have surpassed state-of-the-art results in various natural language…

LLMs have shown promising results in task planning due to their strong natural language understanding and reasoning capabilities. However, issues such as hallucinations, ambiguities in human instructions, environmental constraints, and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for planning tasks, offering unique capabilities not found in classical planners such as generating explanations and iterative refinement. However, trust--a critical factor in the adoption…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Shenghui Chen , Yunhao Yang , Kayla Boggess , Seongkook Heo , Lu Feng , Ufuk Topcu

Analogical reasoning -- the capacity to identify and map structural relationships between different domains -- is fundamental to human cognition and learning. Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) can sometimes match…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sam Musker , Alex Duchnowski , Raphaël Millière , Ellie Pavlick