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Urban air quality forecasting is challenging because pollutant concentrations are nonlinear, nonstationary, spatiotemporally dependent, and often affected by anomalous observations caused by traffic congestion, industrial emissions, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Nourin Jahan , Madhurima Panja , Muhammed Navas T , Tanujit Chakraborty

The significance of air pollution and the problems associated with it are fueling deployments of air quality monitoring stations worldwide. The most common approach for air quality monitoring is to rely on environmental monitoring stations,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-26 Francesco Concas , Julien Mineraud , Eemil Lagerspetz , Samu Varjonen , Xiaoli Liu , Kai Puolamäki , Petteri Nurmi , Sasu Tarkoma

The first law of geography is a cornerstone of spatial analysis, emphasizing that nearby and related locations tend to be more similar, however, defining what constitutes "near" and "related" remains challenging, as different phenomena…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-02 M. Naser Lessani , Zhenlong Li , Manzhu Yu , Helen Greatrex , Chan Shen

Socio-economic indicators like regional GDP, population, and education levels, are crucial to shaping policy decisions and fostering sustainable development. This research introduces GeoReg a regression model that integrates diverse data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Kyeongjin Ahn , Sungwon Han , Seungeon Lee , Donghyun Ahn , Hyoshin Kim , Jungwon Kim , Jihee Kim , Sangyoon Park , Meeyoung Cha

This study addresses the critical challenge of modeling and mapping urban air quality to ascertain pollutant concentrations in unmonitored locations. The advent of low-cost sensors, particularly those deployed in vehicular networks,…

Today we have access to a vast amount of weather, air quality, noise or radioactivity data collected by individual around the globe. This volunteered geographic information often contains data of uncertain and of heterogeneous quality, in…

Applications · Statistics 2018-05-03 Julian Bruns , Johannes Riesterer , Bowen Wang , Till Riedel , Micheal Beigl

Local regression is widely used to explore spatial heterogeneity, but anisotropic or effectively low-dimensional neighborhoods can produce ill-conditioned local solves, causing coefficient variation driven by numerical artifacts rather than…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-31 Yuichiro Otani

Temporal drift of low-cost sensors is crucial for the applicability of wireless sensor networks (WSN) to measure highly local phenomenon such as air quality. The emergence of wireless sensor networks in locations without available reference…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Tiago Veiga , Erling Ljunggren , Kerstin Bach , Sigmund Akselsen

Air pollution is a significant global health risk, contributing to millions of premature deaths annually. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a harmful pollutant, disproportionately affects urban areas where monitoring networks are often sparse. We…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-12 Finn Gueterbock , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Jeffrey N. Clark

Nitrogen dioxide (NO$_2$) is a primary constituent of traffic-related air pollution and has well established harmful environmental and human-health impacts. Knowledge of the spatiotemporal distribution of NO$_2$ is critical for exposure and…

Applications · Statistics 2020-11-18 Kyle P Messier , Matthias Katzfuss

Although a number of studies have developed fast geographically weighted regression (GWR) algorithms for large samples, none of them has achieved linear-time estimation, which is considered a requisite for big data analysis in machine…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-24 Daisuke Murakami , Narumasa Tsutsumida , Takahiro Yoshida , Tomoki Nakaya , Binbin Lu

We develop a new robust geographically weighted regression method in the presence of outliers. We embed the standard geographically weighted regression in robust objective function based on $\gamma$-divergence. A novel feature of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-15 Shonosuke Sugasawa , Daisuke Murakami

An integrated approach of spatial data analysis and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) along with global regression techniques are used in this study. This approach aims to model relationships between dependent variable…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-02-19 Francelino A. Xavier-Conceicao

In this paper we present an approach to geometry calibration in wireless acoustic sensor networks, whose nodes are assumed to be equipped with a compact microphone array. The proposed approach solely works with estimates of the distances…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Tobias Gburrek , Joerg Schmalenstroeer , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

GWR is a popular approach for investigating the spatial variation in relationships between response and predictor variables, and critically for investigating and understanding process spatial heterogeneity. The geographically weighted (GW)…

Applications · Statistics 2021-09-30 Alexis Comber , Chris Brunsdon , Martin Callaghan , Paul Harris , Binbin Lu , Nick Malleson

Data collection in economically constrained countries often necessitates using approximate and biased measurements due to the low-cost of the sensors used. This leads to potentially invalid predictions and poor policies or decision making.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Michael T. Smith , Joel Ssematimba , Mauricio A. Alvarez , Engineer Bainomugisha

Effective large-scale air quality monitoring necessitates distributed sensing due to the pervasive and harmful nature of particulate matter (PM), particularly in urban environments. However, precision comes at a cost: highly accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Kevin Yin , Julia Gersey , Pei Zhang

We study the problem of identifying change points in high-dimensional generalized linear models, and propose an approach based on sample-weighted empirical risk minimization. Our method, Weighted ERM, encodes priors on the change points via…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Gabriel Arpino , Ramji Venkataramanan

We present an approach to reduce the performance disparity between geographic regions without degrading performance on the overall user population for ASR. A popular approach is to fine-tune the model with data from regions where the ASR…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Viet Anh Trinh , Pegah Ghahremani , Brian King , Jasha Droppo , Andreas Stolcke , Roland Maas

Detection of gravitational waves(GW) involves using the network of GW telescopes to observe a large sky region. However, owing to the arrangement of the GW telescopes, even with aLIGO- aVirgo-KAGRA network,parameter estimation accuracy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-03 Kenji Ono , Kazuhiro Hayama