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Unconventional magnetism has typically been classified into two fundamental classes: even-parity magnets (EPMs) and odd-parity magnets (OPMs). These two classes exhibit identical and opposite spin splittings, respectively, under momentum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-10 Xun-Jiang Luo , Jin-Xin Hu , Mengli Hu , K. T. Law

Unconventional magnetism has emerged as a transformative frontier in condensed matter physics. Such phases are characterized by substantial non-relativistic spin splitting (NSS) in symmetry-compensated magnets. They have been classified by…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-21 Xun-Jiang Luo , Dan Li , Rui-Chun Xiao , Ding-Fu Shao , Lei Li , Mingliang Tian , Yugui Yao

Following recent intensive studies on altermagnetism(ALM) characterized by non-relativistic even-parity spin splitting, realizing unconventional odd-parity magnetism has also attracted increasing interest. Here, using symmetry arguments…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-02 Minghuan Zeng , Zheng Qin , Ling Qin , Shiping Feng , Lin Wu , Dong-Hui Xu , Rui Wang

In this work, we exhaust all the spin-space symmetries, which fully characterize collinear, non-collinear, commensurate, and incommensurate spiral magnetism, and investigate enriched features of electronic bands that respect these…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-30 Zhenyu Xiao , Jianzhou Zhao , Yanqi Li , Ryuichi Shindou , Zhi-Da Song

Symmetry formulated by group theory plays an essential role with respect to the laws of nature, from fundamental particles to condensed matter systems. Here, by combining symmetry analysis and tight-binding model calculations, we elucidate…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-11-04 Pengfei Liu , Jiayu Li , Jingzhi Han , Xiangang Wan , Qihang Liu

Realizing odd-parity, time-reversal-preserving, non-relativistic spin splitting is a central goal for spintronics applications. We propose a group-theory-based microscopic framework to induce odd-parity spin splitting from coplanar…

Spin space groups (SSGs) impose fundamentally different constraints on magnetic configurations in real and reciprocal spaces. As a consequence, the correspondence between real-space and momentum-space spin arrangements is far richer than…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-16 Ziyin Song , Ziyue Qi , Chen Fang , Zhong Fang , Hongming Weng

Symmetry invariants of a group specify the classes of quasiparticles, namely the classes of projective irreducible co-representations in systems having that symmetry. More symmetry invariants exist in discrete point groups than the full…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Jian Yang , Zheng-Xin Liu , Chen Fang

Altermagnet is a newly discovered magnetic phase, characterized by non-relativistic spin-splitting that has been experimentally observed. Here, we introduce a framework dubbed {\it spin-orbital altermagnetism} to achieve spin-orbital…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-22 Zi-Ming Wang , Yang Zhang , Song-Bo Zhang , Jin-Hua Sun , Elbio Dagotto , Dong-Hui Xu , Lun-Hui Hu

It is widely accepted that spin-orbit coupling (SOC) generally locks spin and spatial degrees of freedom, as a result, the spin, despite being an axial vector, is fixed and cannot rotate independently, and the magnetic system should be…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-19 Yuxuan Mu , Di Wang , Xiangang Wan

Magnetism has witnessed remarkable progress in recent decades, largely driven by its potential for next-generation storage devices. However, the classification of magnetic orders, even for fundamental concepts such as ferromagnetism and…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-24 Yuntian Liu , Xiaobing Chen , Yutong Yu , Jesús Etxebarria , J. Manuel Perez-Mato , Qihang Liu

The concept of spin symmetries has gained renewed interest as a valuable tool for classifying unconventional magnetic phases, including altermagnets and recently identified p-wave magnets. In this work, we show that in compounds with weak…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Javier Sivianes , Flaviano José dos Santos , Julen Ibañez-Azpiroz

Topological magnons have garnered significant interest for their potential in both fundamental research and device applications, owing to their exotic, uncharged, yet topologically protected boundary modes. However, their comprehension has…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-15 Xiaobing Chen , Yuntian Liu , Pengfei Liu , Yutong Yu , Jun Ren , Jiayu Li , Ao Zhang , Qihang Liu

The scarcity of predicted magnetic topological materials (MTMs) by magnetic space group (MSG) hinders further exploration towards realistic device applications. Here, we propose a new scheme combining spin space groups (SSGs)--approximate…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-09 Liangliang Huang , Xiangang Wan , Feng Tang

Two-dimensional (2D) magnetism, particularly 2D altermagnetism (AM), has attracted considerable interest due to its exceptional physical properties and broad application potential. However, the classification of AM undergoes a fundamental…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-26 Mu Tian , Chaoxi Cui , Zeying Zhang , Jingyi Duan , Wanxiang Feng , Run-Wu Zhang

In the absence of spin-orbit coupling, collinear magnets are classified as even-wave magnets, i.e., either ferro-, antiferro-, or altermagnets. It is based on the belief that collinear magnets always feature an inversion-symmetric band…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-21 Valentin Leeb , Johannes Knolle

Spin layer groups are the crystallographic symmetry groups with a periodic plane, and their symmetry operations are inherited from three-dimensional (3D) spin space groups. However, the direct application of 3D symmetry groups to…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-26 Zeying Zhang , Gui-Bin Liu , Mu Tian , Run-Wu Zhang , Zhi-Ming Yu , Yugui Yao

Odd-parity-wave magnets are noncollinear compensated magnets with spin-split band structure in the absence of spin-orbit coupling and dipolar interactions. In contrast to altermagnets, their spin-polarized band structure breaks inversion…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Robin R. Neumann , Rodrigo Jaeschke-Ubiergo , Ricardo Zarzuela , Libor Šmejkal , Jairo Sinova , Alexander Mook

Odd-parity spin-splitting plays a central role in spintronics and unconventional superconductivity, yet its microscopic realization in collinear magnetic systems remains elusive. We propose a general symmetry-based strategy for realizing…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Zheng-Yang Zhuang , Di Zhu , Dongling Liu , Zhigang Wu , Zhongbo Yan

Odd-parity magnets (OPMs) have emerged as a fundamental class of unconventional magnetisms, characterized by time-reversal-preserving non-relativistic spin splitting (NSS). Despite growing interest, the fundamental understanding of OPMs…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-17 Xun-Jiang Luo , Zi-Ting Sun , Xilin Feng , Mingliang Tian , K. T. Law
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