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Cosmic gamma-ray bursts are one of the great frontiers of astrophysics today. They are a playground of relativists and observers alike. They may teach us about the death of stars and the birth of black holes, the physics in extreme…

Long $\rm \gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced by the dissipation of ultra-relativistic jets launched by newly-born black holes after the collapse of massive stars. Right after the luminous and highly variable $\gamma$-ray emission, the…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are brief flashes of gamma rays, considered to be the most energetic explosive phenomena in the Universe. The emission from GRBs comprises a short (typically tens of seconds) and bright prompt emission, followed by a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-11-21 H. Abdalla R. Adam F. Aharonian F. Ait Benkhali E. O. Anguener M. Arakawa , C. Arcaro , C. Armand , H. Ashkar , M. Backes , V. Barbosa Martins , M. Barnard Y. Becherini , D. Berge , K. Bernloehr , E. Bissaldi , R. Blackwell , M. Boettcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , S. Bonnefoy , J. Bregeon , M. Breuhaus , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , M. Buechele , T. Bulik , T. Bylund , M. Capasso , S. Caroff , A. Carosi , S. Casanova , M. Cerruti , T. Chand , S. Chandra , A. Chen , S. Colafrancesco , M. Curylo , I. D. Davids , C. Deil , J. Devin , P. deWilt , L. Dirson , A. Djannati-Atai , A. Dmytriiev , A. Donath , V. Doroshenko , J. Dyks , K. Egberts , G. Emery , J. -P. Ernenwein , S. Eschbach , K. Feijen , S. Fegan , A. Fiasson , G. Fontaine , S. Funk , M. Fuessling , S. Gabici , Y. A. Gallant , F. Gate , G. Giavitto , L. Giunti , D. Glawion , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , M. -H. Grondin , J. Hahn , M. Haupt , G. Heinzelmann , G. Henri , G. Hermann , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , C. Hoischen , T. L. Holch , M. Holler , D. Horns , D. Huber , H. Iwasaki , M. Jamrozy , D. Jankowsky , F. Jankowsky , A. Jardin-Blicq , I. Jung-Richardt , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzynski , M. Katsuragawa , U. Katz , D. Khangulyan , B. Khelifi , J. King , S. Klepser , W. Kluzniak , N. Komin , K. Kosack , D. Kostunin , M. Kreter , G. Lamanna , A. Lemiere , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , E. Leser , C. Levy , T. Lohse , I. Lypova , J. Mackey , J. Majumdar , D. Malyshev , V. Marandon , A. Marcowith , A. Mares , C. Mariaud , G. Marti-Devesa , R. Marx , G. Maurin , P. J. Meintjes , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , M. Mohamed , L. Mohrmann , C. Moore , E. Moulin , J. Muller , T. Murach , S. Nakashima , M. de Naurois , H. Ndiyavala , F. Niederwanger , J. Niemiec , L. Oakes , P. O Brien , H. Odaka , S. Ohm , E. de Ona Wilhelmi , M. Ostrowski , I. Oya , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , C. Perennes , P. -O. Petrucci , B. Peyaud , Q. Piel , S. Pita , V. Poireau , A. Priyana Noel , D. A. Prokhorov , H. Prokoph , G. Puehlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , R. Rauth , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , Q. Remy , M. Renaud , F. Rieger , L. Rinchiuso , C. Romoli , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , E. Ruiz-Velasco , V. Sahakian , S. Sailer , S. Saito , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , M. Sasaki , R. Schlickeiser , F. Schuessler , A. Schulz , H. M. Schutte , U. Schwanke , S. Schwemmer , M. Seglar-Arroyo , M. Senniappan , A. S. Seyffert , N. Shafi , K. Shiningayamwe , R. Simoni , A. Sinha , H. Sol , A. Specovius , M. Spir-Jacob , L. Stawarz , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , C. Steppa , T. Takahashi , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , D. Tiziani , M. Tluczykont , C. Trichard , M. Tsirou , N. Tsuji , R. Tuffs , Y. Uchiyama , D. J. van der Walt , C. van Eldik , C. van Rensburg , B. van Soelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , P. Vincent , J. Vink , H. J. Voelk , T. Vuillaume , Z. Wadiasingh , S. J. Wagner , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , R. Yang , H. Yoneda , M. Zacharias , R. Zanin , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , A. Ziegler , J. Zorn , N. Zywucka , F. de Palma , M. Axelsson , O. J. Roberts

Short Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are explosions of cosmic origin believed to be associated with the merger of two compact objects, either two neutron stars, or a neutron star and a black hole. The presence of at least one neutron star has long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-27 Rosalba Perna , Davide Lazzati , Bruno Giacomazzo

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) - short bursts of 100-1MeV photons arriving from random directions in the sky are probably the most relativistic objects discovered so far. Still, somehow they did not attract the attention of the relativistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Tsvi Piran

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the must violent explosions after the Big-Bang. Their high energy radiation can potentially carry information about the most inner part of the accretion disk of a collapsing star, ionize the surrounding material…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-12-19 Houri Ziaeepour

The origin of gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission, bursts of gamma-rays lasting from shorter than one second to thousands of seconds, remains not fully understood after more than 40 years of observations. The uncertainties lie in several…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-03 Bing Zhang

GRBs have remained a puzzle for many high-energy astrophysicists since their discovery in 1967. With the advent of the X-ray satellites BeppoSAX and RossiXTE, it has been possible to carry out deep multi-wavelength observations of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alberto J. Castro-Tirado

The explosion that results in a cosmic gamma-ray burst (GRB) is thought to produce emission from two physical processes -- the activity of the central engine gives rise to the high-energy emission of the burst through internal shocking and…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely energetic events at cosmological distances. They provide unique laboratory to investigate fundamental physical processes under extreme conditions. Due to extreme luminosities, GRBs are detectable at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-21 Poonam Chandra

Using the BATSE survey data I find that quite small fraction of GRBs numbering 37 sources seems to emit the radiation similar to thermal bremsstrahlung in the range 20 to 300 keV. I suggest that these bursts may perhaps occur from collision…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 B. E. Zhilyaev

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are luminous stellar explosions characterized by the ejection of relativistic jets. This work proposes a novel paradigm to study these GRB jets. By analyzing the timing information of prompt pulses and X-ray flares,…

We provide a comprehensive review of major developments in our understanding of gamma-ray bursts, with particular focus on the discoveries made within the last fifteen years when their true nature was uncovered. We describe the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Pawan Kumar , Bing Zhang

We propose that repeated photoexcitation/ionization of high Z atoms of highly relativistic flows by star light in dense stellar regions followed by emission of decay/recombination photons, which are beamed and boosted to gamma ray energies…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-03 Nir J. Shaviv , Arnon Dar

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most luminous explosions in the Universe and are powered by ultra-relativistic jets. Their prompt $\gamma$-ray emission briefly outshines the rest of the $\gamma$-ray sky making them detectable from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-07 Ramandeep Gill , Jonathan Granot

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows have provided important clues to the nature of these massive explosive events, providing direct information on the nearby environment and indirect information on the central engine that powers the burst. We…

Recent observations suggest that the long-duration gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are produced by highly relativistic jets emitted in supernova explosions. We propose that the result of the event is not just a compact object…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-25 Arnon Dar , Alvaro De Rujula

The central engine of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is believed to eject double-sided ultra-relativistic jets. For an observed GRB, one of the twin jets should point toward us, and is responsible for the prompt gamma-ray and subsequent afterglow…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Zhuo Li , Li-Ming Song

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to be related to the explosion of type Ic supernovae, which have been stripped of their hydrogen and helium envelopes. There appear to be two types of these explosions: those which are approximately…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. Paczynski , P. Haensel

It is proposed that gamma-ray bursts are created in the mergers of double neutron star binaries and black hole neutron star binaries at cosmological distances. Bursts with complex profiles and relatively long durations are the result of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Ramesh Narayan , Bohdan Paczyński , Tsvi Piran