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Accommodating long sequences efficiently in autoregressive Transformers, especially within an extended context window, poses significant challenges due to the quadratic computational complexity and substantial KV memory requirements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Chao Lou , Zixia Jia , Zilong Zheng , Kewei Tu

Attention module does not always help deep models learn causal features that are robust in any confounding context, e.g., a foreground object feature is invariant to different backgrounds. This is because the confounders trick the attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Tan Wang , Chang Zhou , Qianru Sun , Hanwang Zhang

Attention-based regression models are often trained by jointly optimizing Mean Squared Error (MSE) loss and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) loss, emphasizing the magnitude of errors and the order or shape of targets, respectively. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jingquan Yan , Yuwei Miao , Peiran Yu , Junzhou Huang

Transformers have significantly advanced AI and machine learning through their powerful attention mechanism. However, computing attention on long sequences can become a computational bottleneck. FlashAttention mitigates this by fusing the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Kosmas Alexandridis , Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos

Attention for transformers is a critical workload that has recently received significant "attention" as a target for custom acceleration. Yet, while prior work succeeds in reducing attention's memory-bandwidth requirements, it creates load…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Nandeeka Nayak , Xinrui Wu , Toluwanimi O. Odemuyiwa , Michael Pellauer , Joel S. Emer , Christopher W. Fletcher

Long-context agentic workflows have emerged as a defining use case for large language models, making attention efficiency critical for both inference speed and serving cost. Sparse attention addresses this challenge effectively, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yushi Bai , Qian Dong , Ting Jiang , Xin Lv , Zhengxiao Du , Aohan Zeng , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

Attention is a core component of transformer architecture, whether encoder-only, decoder-only, or encoder-decoder model. However, the standard softmax attention often produces noisy probability distribution, which can impair effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dhananjay Ram , Wei Xia , Stefano Soatto

Transformer-based architectures have become the prevailing backbone of large language models. However, the quadratic time and memory complexity of self-attention remains a fundamental obstacle to efficient long-context modeling. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yutao Sun , Zhenyu Li , Yike Zhang , Tengyu Pan , Bowen Dong , Yuyi Guo , Jianyong Wang

While Transformer architecture excel at modeling long-range dependencies contributing to its widespread adoption in vision tasks the quadratic complexity of softmax-based attention mechanisms imposes a major bottleneck, particularly when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuan Cao , Dong Wang

Attention is a core operation in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). We present BD Attention (BDA), the first lossless algorithmic reformulation of attention. BDA is enabled by a simple matrix identity from Basis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jialin Zhao

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) offer a robust and interpretable approach to image classification, making them a promising choice for microscopy image analysis. However, a performance gap remains between NCA and larger, more complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chen Yang , Michael Deutges , Jingsong Liu , Han Li , Nassir Navab , Carsten Marr , Ario Sadafi

Sparse attention as a efficient method can significantly decrease the computation cost, but current sparse attention tend to rely on window self attention which block the global information flow. For this problem, we present Shifted Cross…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Yuxiang Guo

This paper explores the much discussed, possible explanatory link between attention weights (AW) in transformer models and predicted output. Contrary to intuition and early research on attention, more recent prior research has provided…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Omar Naim , Nicholas Asher

State-of-the-art sequential recommendation models heavily rely on transformer's attention mechanism. However, the quadratic computational and memory complexities of self attention have limited its scalability for modeling users' long range…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Jiaxin Deng , Shiyao Wang , Song Lu , Yinfeng Li , Xinchen Luo , Yuanjun Liu , Peixing Xu , Guorui Zhou

The attention mechanism has gained significant recognition in the field of computer vision due to its ability to effectively enhance the performance of deep neural networks. However, existing methods often struggle to effectively utilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Wei Xu , Yi Wan

Attention mechanism is a significant part of Transformer models. It helps extract features from embedded vectors by adding global information and its expressivity has been proved to be powerful. Nevertheless, the quadratic complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hanwen Liu , Yixuan Ma , Shi Jin , Yuguang Wang

Sparse attention reduces the quadratic complexity of full self-attention but faces two challenges: (1) an attention gap, where applying sparse attention to full-attention-trained models causes performance degradation due to train-inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhenyi Shen , Junru Lu , Lin Gui , Jiazheng Li , Yulan He , Di Yin , Xing Sun

Detecting weaknesses in cryptographic algorithms is of utmost importance for designing secure information systems. The state-of-the-art soft analytical side-channel attack (SASCA) uses physical leakage information to make probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Thomas Wedenig , Rishub Nagpal , Gaëtan Cassiers , Stefan Mangard , Robert Peharz

Efficient inference in Large Vision-Language Models is constrained by the high cost of processing thousands of visual tokens, yet it remains unclear which tokens and computations can be safely removed. While attention scores are commonly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Samyak Jha , Junho Kim

Efficient inference on GPUs using large language models remains challenging due to memory bandwidth limitations, particularly during data transfers between High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) and SRAM in attention computations. Approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Nirav Koley , Prajwal Singhania , Abhinav Bhatele