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This paper focuses on the impact of leveraging autonomous offensive approaches in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to train more robust agents by exploring the impact of applying adversarial learning to DRL for autonomous security in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Luke Borchjes , Clement Nyirenda , Louise Leenen

Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in autonomous cyber defence agents trained to defend computer networks using deep reinforcement learning. These agents are typically trained in cyber gym environments using dense, highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Elizabeth Bates , Chris Hicks , Vasilios Mavroudis

Deep neural networks coupled with fast simulation and improved computation have led to recent successes in the field of reinforcement learning (RL). However, most current RL-based approaches fail to generalize since: (a) the gap between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Lerrel Pinto , James Davidson , Rahul Sukthankar , Abhinav Gupta

In the network security arms race, the defender is significantly disadvantaged as they need to successfully detect and counter every malicious attack. In contrast, the attacker needs to succeed only once. To level the playing field, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Myles Foley , Chris Hicks , Kate Highnam , Vasilios Mavroudis

Recent developments have established the vulnerability of deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) to policy manipulation attacks via adversarial perturbations. In this paper, we investigate the robustness and resilience of deep RL to training-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Vahid Behzadan , Arslan Munir

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a subfield of machine learning for training autonomous agents that take sequential actions across complex environments. Despite its significant performance in well-known environments, it remains…

Development of autonomous cyber system defense strategies and action recommendations in the real-world is challenging, and includes characterizing system state uncertainties and attack-defense dynamics. We propose a data-driven deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Ashutosh Dutta , Samrat Chatterjee , Arnab Bhattacharya , Mahantesh Halappanavar

Deep reinforcement learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that can decrease a victim's cumulative expected reward by manipulating the victim's observations. Despite the efficiency of previous optimization-based methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 You Qiaoben , Chengyang Ying , Xinning Zhou , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Bo Zhang

One prominent approach toward resolving the adversarial vulnerability of deep neural networks is the two-player zero-sum paradigm of adversarial training, in which predictors are trained against adversarially chosen perturbations of data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Alexander Robey , Fabian Latorre , George J. Pappas , Hamed Hassani , Volkan Cevher

As machine learning models become more capable, they have exhibited increased potential in solving complex tasks. One of the most promising directions uses deep reinforcement learning to train autonomous agents in computer network defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Elizabeth Bates , Vasilios Mavroudis , Chris Hicks

Deep Neural Network-based systems are now the state-of-the-art in many robotics tasks, but their application in safety-critical domains remains dangerous without formal guarantees on network robustness. Small perturbations to sensor inputs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Björn Lütjens , Michael Everett , Jonathan P. How

Inverse reinforcement learning has proved its ability to explain state-action trajectories of expert agents by recovering their underlying reward functions in increasingly challenging environments. Recent advances in adversarial learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Jacobo Roa-Vicens , Yuanbo Wang , Virgile Mison , Yarin Gal , Ricardo Silva

Recent studies have demonstrated that reinforcement learning (RL) agents are susceptible to adversarial manipulation, similar to vulnerabilities previously demonstrated in the supervised learning setting. While most existing work studies…

We propose a new adversarial training approach for injecting robustness when designing controllers for upcoming cyber-physical power systems. Previous approaches relying deeply on simulations are not able to cope with the rising complexity…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-19 Loïc Omnes , Antoine Marot , Benjamin Donnot

With the wide application of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques in complex fields such as autonomous driving, intelligent manufacturing, and smart healthcare, how to improve its security and robustness in dynamic and changeable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Wu Yichao , Wang Yirui , Ding Panpan , Wang Hailong , Zhu Bingqian , Liu Chun

In deep reinforcement learning (RL), adversarial attacks can trick an agent into unwanted states and disrupt training. We propose a system called Robust Student-DQN (RS-DQN), which permits online robustness training alongside Q networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Marc Fischer , Matthew Mirman , Steven Stalder , Martin Vechev

Adversarial training is a standard defense against malicious input perturbations in security-critical machine-learning systems. Its main burden is structural: before every parameter update, the current model must first be attacked to find a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Yue Wang , Guangyi He , Liepeng Zhang , Lukas Gonon , Qi Zhao

Recent studies have shown that deep reinforcement learning (DRL) policies are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which raise concerns about applications of DRL to safety-critical systems. In this work, we adopt a principled way and study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Chao Wang

The last few years have seen an explosion of interest in autonomous cyber defence agents based on deep reinforcement learning. Such agents are typically trained in a cyber gym environment, also known as a cyber simulator, at least 32 of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Elizabeth Bates , Chris Hicks , Vasilios Mavroudis

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently been used to perform efficient resource allocation in wireless communications. In this paper, the vulnerabilities of such DRL agents to adversarial attacks is studied. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Feng Wang , M. Cenk Gursoy , Senem Velipasalar
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