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Steering has emerged as a promising approach in controlling large language models (LLMs) without modifying model parameters. However, most existing steering methods rely on large-scale datasets to learn clear behavioral information, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Anyi Wang , Xuansheng Wu , Dong Shu , Yunpu Ma , Ninghao Liu

EEG foundation models achieve state-of-the-art clinical performance, yet the internal computations driving their predictions remain opaque: a barrier to clinical trust. We apply TopK Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) across three architecturally…

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are widely used to interpret neural networks by identifying meaningful concepts from their representations. However, do SAEs truly uncover all concepts a model relies on, or are they inherently biased toward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Sai Sumedh R. Hindupur , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Thomas Fel , Demba Ba

Recent advances in explainable machine learning have highlighted the potential of sparse autoencoders in uncovering mono-semantic features in densely encoded embeddings. While most research has focused on Large Language Model (LLM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Daniel Pluth , Yu Zhou , Vijay K. Gurbani

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful unsupervised method for extracting sparse representations from language models, yet scalable training remains a significant challenge. We introduce a suite of 256 SAEs, trained on each…

Recently, sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising technique for interpreting activations in foundation models by disentangling features into a sparse set of concepts. However, identifying the optimal level of sparsity for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Dongsheng Wang , Jinsen Zhang , Dawei Su , Hui Huang

Models that bridge vision and language, such as CLIP, are key components of multimodal AI, yet their large-scale, uncurated training data introduce severe social and spurious biases. Existing post-hoc debiasing methods often operate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Quentin Guimard , Federico Bartsch , Simone Caldarella , Rahaf Aljundi , Elisa Ricci , Massimiliano Mancini

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are widely used for interpreting language model activations. A key evaluation metric is the increase in cross-entropy loss between the original model logits and the reconstructed model logits when replacing model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Adam Karvonen

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have recently emerged as pivotal tools for introspection into large language models. SAEs can uncover high-quality, interpretable features at different levels of granularity and enable targeted steering of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Martin Spišák , Ladislav Peška , Petr Škoda , Vojtěch Vančura , Rodrigo Alves

Diffusion models have become prominent in creating high-quality images. However, unlike GAN models celebrated for their ability to edit images in a disentangled manner, diffusion-based text-to-image models struggle to achieve the same level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hidir Yesiltepe , Yusuf Dalva , Pinar Yanardag

Text-to-image diffusion models have recently received a lot of interest for their astonishing ability to produce high-fidelity images from text only. However, achieving one-shot generation that aligns with the user's intent is nearly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Manuel Brack , Felix Friedrich , Dominik Hintersdorf , Lukas Struppek , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting

Large-scale text-to-image models have demonstrated amazing ability to synthesize diverse and high-fidelity images. However, these models are often violated by several limitations. Firstly, they require the user to provide precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yupei Lin , Sen Zhang , Xiaojun Yang , Xiao Wang , Yukai Shi

The Swapping Autoencoder achieved state-of-the-art performance in deep image manipulation and image-to-image translation. We improve this work by introducing a simple yet effective auxiliary module based on gradient reversal layers. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Shima Shahfar , Charalambos Poullis

The mechanisms behind multilingual capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been examined using neuron-based or internal-activation-based methods. However, these methods often face challenges such as superposition and layer-wise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Boyi Deng , Yu Wan , Yidan Zhang , Baosong Yang , Fuli Feng

Semantic image synthesis is a process for generating photorealistic images from a single semantic mask. To enrich the diversity of multimodal image synthesis, previous methods have controlled the global appearance of an output image by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Yuki Endo , Yoshihiro Kanamori

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have significantly improved the quality of generated images. However, providing efficient control over individual subjects, particularly the attributes characterizing them, remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Stefan Andreas Baumann , Felix Krause , Michael Neumayr , Nick Stracke , Melvin Sevi , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer

Decomposing model activations into interpretable components is a key open problem in mechanistic interpretability. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are a popular method for decomposing the internal activations of trained transformers into sparse,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Connor Kissane , Robert Krzyzanowski , Joseph Isaac Bloom , Arthur Conmy , Neel Nanda

Text-driven image synthesis has made significant advancements with the development of diffusion models, transforming how visual content is generated from text prompts. Despite these advances, text-driven image editing, a key area in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Mingzhen Huang , Jialing Cai , Shan Jia , Vishnu Suresh Lokhande , Siwei Lyu

Recent studies show that auto-encoder based approaches successfully perform language generation, smooth sentence interpolation, and style transfer over unseen attributes using unlabelled datasets in a zero-shot manner. The latent space…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Sharan Narasimhan , Suvodip Dey , Maunendra Sankar Desarkar

Instruction-based image editing models have recently achieved impressive performance, enabling complex edits to an input image from a multi-instruction prompt. However, these models apply each instruction in the prompt with a fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Arman Zarei , Samyadeep Basu , Mobina Pournemat , Sayan Nag , Ryan Rossi , Soheil Feizi