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Knowledge distillation is an effective approach to learn compact models (students) with the supervision of large and strong models (teachers). As empirically there exists a strong correlation between the performance of teacher and student…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Chaofei Wang , Qisen Yang , Rui Huang , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly influenced modern society, recently in particular through significant advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, high computational and storage demands of LLMs still limit their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Daniel Hendriks , Philipp Spitzer , Niklas Kühl , Gerhard Satzger

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to grow in both capability and cost, transferring frontier capabilities into smaller, deployable students has become a central engineering problem, and knowledge distillation remains the dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mingyang Song , Mao Zheng

In natural language processing (NLP) tasks, slow inference speed and huge footprints in GPU usage remain the bottleneck of applying pre-trained deep models in production. As a popular method for model compression, knowledge distillation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Fei Yuan , Linjun Shou , Jian Pei , Wutao Lin , Ming Gong , Yan Fu , Daxin Jiang

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a valuable technique for compressing large deep learning models into smaller, edge-suitable networks. However, conventional KD frameworks rely on pre-trained high-capacity teacher networks, which introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Hongjun Choi , Eun Som Jeon , Ankita Shukla , Pavan Turaga

Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated their strong ability in the field of machine translation (MT), yet they suffer from high computational cost and latency. Therefore, transferring translation knowledge from giant LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jiahuan Li , Shanbo Cheng , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen

Knowledge distillation is the procedure of transferring "knowledge" from a large model (the teacher) to a more compact one (the student), often being used in the context of model compression. When both models have the same architecture,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Minh Pham , Minsu Cho , Ameya Joshi , Chinmay Hegde

Large language models (LLMs), despite their ability to perform few-shot machine translation (MT), often lag behind dedicated MT systems trained on parallel corpora, which are crucial for high quality machine translation (MT). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Deepon Halder , Thanmay Jayakumar , Raj Dabre

Knowledge distillation can be a cost-effective technique to distill knowledge in Large Language Models, if the teacher output logits can be pre-computed and cached. However, successfully applying this to pre-training remains largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Anshumann , Mohd Abbas Zaidi , Akhil Kedia , Jinwoo Ahn , Taehwak Kwon , Kangwook Lee , Haejun Lee , Joohyung Lee

Scaling neural networks to "large" sizes, with billions of parameters, has been shown to yield impressive results on many challenging problems. However, the inference cost incurred by such large models often prevents their application in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Ankit Singh Rawat , Manzil Zaheer , Aditya Krishna Menon , Amr Ahmed , Sanjiv Kumar

This study proposes a knowledge distillation algorithm based on large language models and feature alignment, aiming to effectively transfer the knowledge of large pre-trained models into lightweight student models, thereby reducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Shuo Wang , Chihang Wang , Jia Gao , Zhen Qi , Hongye Zheng , Xiaoxuan Liao

Post-training of language models (LMs) increasingly relies on the following two stages: (i) knowledge distillation, where the LM is trained to imitate a larger teacher LM, and (ii) reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Daniil Tiapkin , Daniele Calandriello , Johan Ferret , Sarah Perrin , Nino Vieillard , Alexandre Ramé , Mathieu Blondel

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at broad visual understanding but still struggle with fine-grained perception, where decisive evidence is small and easily overwhelmed by global context. Recent "Thinking-with-Images" methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Lai Wei , Liangbo He , Jun Lan , Lingzhong Dong , Yutong Cai , Siyuan Li , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Linghe Kong , Yue Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Weiran Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate proficiency across diverse tasks but often require targeted adaptations for specific applications. Various methods have been proposed to facilitate this adaptation, including fewshot fine-tuning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Rajesh Upadhayaya , Manish Raj Osti , Zachary Smith , Chritopher Kottmyer

Knowledge distillation with unlabeled examples is a powerful training paradigm for generating compact and lightweight student models in applications where the amount of labeled data is limited but one has access to a large pool of unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Vasilis Kontonis , Fotis Iliopoulos , Khoa Trinh , Cenk Baykal , Gaurav Menghani , Erik Vee

Enhancing computational efficiency and reducing deployment costs for large language models (LLMs) have become critical challenges in various resource-constrained scenarios. In this work, we present DistilQwen2.5, a family of distilled,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Yuanhao Yue , Jun Huang

In recent years, deep neural networks have been successful in both industry and academia, especially for computer vision tasks. The great success of deep learning is mainly due to its scalability to encode large-scale data and to maneuver…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Jianping Gou , Baosheng Yu , Stephen John Maybank , Dacheng Tao

Knowledge distillation (KD) aims to transfer knowledge from a large teacher model to a smaller student model. Previous work applying KD in the field of large language models (LLMs) typically focused on the post-training phase, where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Hao Peng , Xin Lv , Yushi Bai , Zijun Yao , Jiajie Zhang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Ensuring the products displayed in e-commerce search results are relevant to users queries is crucial for improving the user experience. With their advanced semantic understanding, deep learning models have been widely used for relevance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Hongwei Shang , Nguyen Vo , Nitin Yadav , Tian Zhang , Ajit Puthenputhussery , Xunfan Cai , Shuyi Chen , Prijith Chandran , Changsung Kang

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance but remain costly to deploy in resource-constrained settings. Training small language models (SLMs) from scratch is computationally expensive, while conventional knowledge distillation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Boyu Shi , YiCheng Jiang , Chang Liu , Qiufeng Wang , Xu Yang , Xin Geng