English
Related papers

Related papers: Less is More: On Copy Complexity in Quantum Crypto…

200 papers

[Shortened abstract:] This thesis investigates the importance of quantum memory in quantum cryptography, concentrating on quantum key distribution schemes. In the hands of an eavesdropper -- a quantum memory is a powerful tool, putting in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tal Mor

Computational entropies provide a framework for quantifying uncertainty and randomness under computational constraints. They play a central role in classical cryptography, underpinning the analysis and construction of primitives such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Noam Avidan , Rotem Arnon

For single-photon quantum key generation between two users, it is shown that the use of a shared secret key extended via a pseudo-random number generator may simultaneously enhance the security and efficiency of the cryptosystem. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Horace P. Yuen

Unclonable encryption, first introduced by Broadbent and Lord (TQC'20), is a one-time encryption scheme with the following security guarantee: any non-local adversary (A, B, C) cannot simultaneously distinguish encryptions of two equal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Prabhanjan Ananth , Fatih Kaleoglu , Xingjian Li , Qipeng Liu , Mark Zhandry

The meteoric rise in power and popularity of machine learning models dependent on valuable training data has reignited a basic tension between the power of running a program locally and the risk of exposing details of that program to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Sam Gunn , Ramis Movassagh

Quantum cryptography leverages many unique features of quantum information in order to construct cryptographic primitives that are oftentimes impossible classically. In this work, we build on the no-cloning principle of quantum mechanics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Prabhanjan Ananth , Alexander Poremba , Vinod Vaikuntanathan

In the framework of Impagliazzo's five worlds, a distinction is often made between two worlds, one where public-key encryption exists (Cryptomania), and one in which only one-way functions exist (MiniCrypt). However, the boundaries between…

The cloning of quantum variables with continuous spectra is investigated. We define a Gaussian 1-to-2 cloning machine, which copies equally well two conjugate variables such as position and momentum or the two quadrature components of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. J. Cerf , S. Iblisdir , G. Van Assche

The unconditional security of a quantum key distribution protocol is often defined in terms of the accessible information, that is, the maximum mutual information between the distributed key S and the outcome of an optimal measurement on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 Robert Koenig , Renato Renner , Andor Bariska , Ueli Maurer

Generating secure random numbers is a central problem in cryptography that needs a reliable source of enough computing entropy. Without enough entropy available - meaning no good source of secure random numbers - a device is susceptible to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-02 JV Roig

We introduce the pseudorandom quantum authentication scheme (PQAS), an efficient method for encrypting quantum states that relies solely on the existence of pseudorandom unitaries (PRUs). The scheme guarantees that for any eavesdropper with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Tobias Haug , Nikhil Bansal , Wai-Keong Mok , Dax Enshan Koh , Kishor Bharti

Quantum states cannot be cloned. I show how to extend this property to classical messages encoded using quantum states, a task I call "uncloneable encryption." An uncloneable encryption scheme has the property that an eavesdropper Eve not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Gottesman

One-way functions are central to classical cryptography. They are both necessary for the existence of non-trivial classical cryptosystems, and sufficient to realize meaningful primitives including commitments, pseudorandom generators and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Dakshita Khurana , Kabir Tomer

Quantum key distribution establishes a secret string of bits between two distant parties. Of concern in weak laser pulse schemes is the especially strong photon number splitting attack by an eavesdropper, but the decoy state method can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jim W. Harrington , J. Mark Ettinger , Richard J. Hughes , Jane E. Nordholt

Unambiguous discrimination and exact cloning reduce the square-overlap between quantum states, exemplifying the more general type of procedure we term state separation. We obtain the maximum probability with which two equiprobable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Anthony Chefles , Stephen M. Barnett

Quantum random number generators (QRNG) represent an advanced solution for randomness generation, essential in every cryptographic applications. In this context, integrated arrays of single photon detectors have promising applications as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-24 Davide G. Marangon , Giuseppe Vallone , Ugo Zanforlin , Paolo Villoresi

Most currently used cryptographic tools for protecting data are based on certain computational assumptions, which makes them vulnerable with respect to technological and algorithmic developments, such as quantum computing. One existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-28 Aleksey K. Fedorov

As quantum computing advances toward practical deployment, it threatens a wide range of classical cryptographic mechanisms, including digital signatures, key exchange protocols, public-key encryption, and certain hash-based constructions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tushin Mallick , Maya Zeldin , Murat Cenk , Cristina Nita-Rotaru

We study the (in)feasibility of quantum pseudorandom notions in a quantum analog of the random oracle model, where all the parties, including the adversary, have oracle access to the same Haar random unitary. In this model, we show the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Prabhanjan Ananth , John Bostanci , Aditya Gulati , Yao-Ting Lin

As sensor nodes are deployed anywhere in a wireless sensor network, hence their communication can be easily monitored. In these networks, message protection and node identification are very issues. Hence, security of large scale such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-04-04 S. Ahmed , N. Javaid , S. H. Bouk , A. Javaid , M. A. Khan , Z. A. Khan