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The dichromatic number $\chi(\vec{G})$ of a digraph $\vec{G}$ is the minimum number of colors needed to color the vertices $V(\vec{G})$ in such a way that no monochromatic directed cycle is obtained. In this note, for any $k\in \mathbb{N}$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-02 Arpan Sadhukhan

The dichromatic number $\vec\chi(D)$ of a digraph is the minimum number $k$ such that $V(D)$ can be partitioned into $k$ subsets, each inducing an acyclic digraph. The acyclic number $\vec\alpha(D)$ is the cardinality of a largest induced…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Parinya Chalermsook , Harmender Gahlawat , Felix Klingelhoefer , Alantha Newman , Chaoliang Tang

The dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ of a digraph $D=(V,A)$ is the minimum number of sets in a partition $V_1,\ldots{},V_k$ of $V$ into $k$ subsets so that the induced subdigraph $D[V_i]$ is acyclic for each $i\in [k]$. This is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Jørgen Bang-Jensen , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Anders Yeo

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$. It is well-known that $\alpha(G)\geq \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{1+d_i}$, where $\alpha(G)$ is the independence number of $G$ and $d_1,\ldots,d_n$ is the degree sequence of $G$. We extend this result to digraphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-20 Saeed Akbari , Amir Hossein Ghodrati , Afrouz Jabalameli , Morteza Saghafian

Given two $k$-dicolourings of a digraph $D$, we prove that it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether we can transform one into the other by recolouring one vertex at each step while maintaining a dicolouring at any step even for $k=2$ and for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Nicolas Bousquet , Frédéric Havet , Nicolas Nisse , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Amadeus Reinald

An arc-coloured digraph $D$ is said to be \emph{rainbow connected} if for every two vertices $u$ and $v$ there is an $uv$-path all whose arcs have different colours. The minimun number of colours required to make the digraph rainbow…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-28 Jesús Alva-Samos , Juan José Montellano-Ballesteros

Given a digraph $D$, we denote by $\vec{\alpha}(D)$ the maximum size of an acyclic set of $D$ (i.e. a set of vertices which induces a subdigraph with no directed cycles), and by $\vec\chi(D)$ the minimum number of acyclic sets into which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Ararat Harutyunyan , Colin McDiarmid , Gil Puig i Surroca

The b-chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\phi(G)$, is the largest integer $k$ that $G$ admits a proper $k$-coloring such that each color class has a vertex that is adjacent to at least one vertex in each of the other color…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-09 Saeed Shaebani

We investigate bounds on the dichromatic number of digraphs which avoid a fixed digraph as a topological minor. For a digraph $F$, denote by $\text{mader}_{\vec{\chi}}(F)$ the smallest integer $k$ such that every $k$-dichromatic digraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Lior Gishboliner , Raphael Steiner , Tibor Szabó

\qquad A \emph{coloring} of a digraph $D=(V,E)$ is a coloring of its vertices following the rule: Let $uv$ be an arc in $D$. If the tail $u$ is colored first, then the head $v$ should receive a color different from that of $u$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-02 E. Sampathkumar

The chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ admits a $k$-coloring of its vertex set in such a way that each color class is an independent set (a set of pairwise non-adjacent vertices). The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Narda Cordero-Michel , Hortensia Galeana-Sánchez

The \textit{acyclic disconnection} $\overrightarrow{\omega }(D)$ (resp. the \textit{directed triangle free disconnection } $\overrightarrow{\omega }_{3}(D)$) of a digraph $D$ is defined as the maximum possible number of connected components…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-15 Bernardo Llano

The dichromatic number $\vec\chi(D)$ of a digraph $D$ is the minimum size of a partition of its vertices into acyclic induced subgraphs. We denote by $\lambda(D)$ the maximum local edge connectivity of a digraph $D$. Neumann-Lara proved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Pierre Aboulker , Guillaume Aubian , Pierre Charbit

The dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ of a digraph $D$ is the smallest $k$ for which it admits a $k$-coloring where every color class induces an acyclic subgraph. Inspired by Hadwiger's conjecture for undirected graphs, several groups of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-13 Tamás Mészáros , Raphael Steiner

The dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ of a digraph $D$ is the least number $k$ such that the vertex set of $D$ can be partitioned into $k$ parts each of which induces an acyclic subdigraph. Introduced by Neumann-Lara in 1982, this digraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-26 Julien Bensmail , Ararat Harutyunyan , Ngoc Khang Le

A digraph $D$ is $k$-linked if for every $2k$ distinct vertices $ x_1,\ldots , x_k, y_1, \ldots , y_k$ in $D$, there exist $k$ pairwise vertex-disjoint paths $P_1,\ldots, P_k$ such that $P_i$ starts at $x_i$ and ends at $y_i$ for each $i\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-31 Jia Zhou , Jin Yan

\noindent The b-chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\phi(G)$, is the largest integer $k$ that $G$ admits a proper coloring by $k$ colors, such that each color class has a vertex that is adjacent to at least one vertex in each of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-17 Saeed Shaebani

Let $D$ be a digraph. Its acyclic number $\vec{\alpha}(D)$ is the maximum order of an acyclic induced subdigraph and its dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ is the least integer $k$ such that $V(D)$ can be partitioned into $k$ subsets…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Pierre Aboulker , Frédéric Havet , François Pirot , Juliette Schabanel

Given a digraph $D=(V,A)$ on $n$ vertices and a vertex $v\in V$, the cycle-degree of $v$ is the minimum size of a set $S \subseteq V(D) \setminus \{v\}$ intersecting every directed cycle of $D$ containing $v$. From this definition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-08 Nicolas Nisse , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Ignasi Sau

A digraph $D$ is $k$-linked if for every $2k$-tuple $ x_1,\ldots , x_k, y_1, \ldots , y_k$ of distinct vertices in $D$, there exist $k$ pairwise vertex-disjoint paths $P_1,\ldots, P_k$ such that $P_i$ starts at $x_i$ and ends at $y_i$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Jia Zhou , Jin Yan
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