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We consider the problem of learning the underlying causal structure among a set of variables, which are assumed to follow a Bayesian network or, more specifically, a linear recursive structural equation model (SEM) with the associated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Anamitra Chaudhuri , Anirban Bhattacharya , Yang Ni

We generalize Shimizu et al's (2006) ICA-based approach for discovering linear non-Gaussian acyclic (LiNGAM) Structural Equation Models (SEMs) from causally sufficient, continuous-valued observational data. By relaxing the assumption that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Gustavo Lacerda , Peter L. Spirtes , Joseph Ramsey , Patrik O. Hoyer

Learning the causal structure that underlies data is a crucial step towards robust real-world decision making. The majority of existing work in causal inference focuses on determining a single directed acyclic graph (DAG) or a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yashas Annadani , Jonas Rothfuss , Alexandre Lacoste , Nino Scherrer , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Stefan Bauer

The linear Lyapunov equation of a covariance matrix parametrizes the equilibrium covariance matrix of a stochastic process. This parametrization can be interpreted as a new graphical model class, and we show how the model class behaves…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-05-22 Gherardo Varando , Niels Richard Hansen

We define $G$-cospectrality of two $G$-gain graphs $(\Gamma,\psi)$ and $(\Gamma',\psi')$, proving that it is a switching isomorphism invariant. When $G$ is a finite group, we prove that $G$-cospectrality is equivalent to cospectrality with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-13 Matteo Cavaleri , Alfredo Donno

Ancestral graphs can encode conditional independence relations that arise in directed acyclic graph (DAG) models with latent and selection variables. However, for any ancestral graph, there may be several other graphs to which it is Markov…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-26 R. Ayesha Ali , Thomas S. Richardson , Peter Spirtes

Anomaly detection in continuous-time dynamic graphs is an emerging field yet under-explored in the context of learning algorithms. In this paper, we pioneer structured analyses of link-level anomalies and graph representation learning for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Tim Poštuvan , Claas Grohnfeldt , Michele Russo , Giulio Lovisotto

Directed acyclic graphs provide a fundamental tool for representing directed dependence structures in multivariate network data, and are widely used to model financial and economic networks. However, accurate and interpretable estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-26 Huihang Liu , Wenhui Li , Xinyu Zhang

Learning the structure of dependence relations between variables is a pervasive issue in the statistical literature. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) can represent a set of conditional independences, but different DAGs may encode the same set…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-15 Federico Castelletti , Stefano Peluso

We consider the problem of learning causal directed acyclic graphs from an observational joint distribution. One can use these graphs to predict the outcome of interventional experiments, from which data are often not available. We show…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-18 Jonas Peters , Joris Mooij , Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schölkopf

Linear structural equation models, which relate random variables via linear interdependencies and Gaussian noise, are a popular tool for modeling multivariate joint distributions. These models correspond to mixed graphs that include both…

Computation · Statistics 2015-04-14 Mathias Drton , Luca Weihs

A colored Gaussian graphical model is a linear concentration model in which equalities among the concentrations are specified by a coloring of an underlying graph. Marigliano and Davies conjectured that every linear binomial that appears in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Hannah Göbel , Pratik Misra

Recently, techniques for applying convolutional neural networks to graph-structured data have emerged. Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) have been used to address node and graph classification and matrix completion. Although the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-28 Yingxue Zhang , Soumyasundar Pal , Mark Coates , Deniz Üstebay

Without any assumptions about data generation, multiple causal models may explain our observations equally well. To avoid selecting a single arbitrary model that could result in unsafe decisions if it does not match reality, it is therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Tristan Deleu

New criteria for which Cayley graphs of cyclic groups of any order can be completely determined--up to isomorphism--by the eigenvalues of their adjacency matrices is presented. Secondly, a new construction for pairs of nonisomorphic Cayley…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-14 Julia Brown

We analyze the complexity of learning directed acyclic graphical models from observational data in general settings without specific distributional assumptions. Our approach is information-theoretic and uses a local Markov boundary search…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-23 Ming Gao , Bryon Aragam

This paper addresses the challenging problem of retrieval and matching of graph structured objects, and makes two key contributions. First, we demonstrate how Graph Neural Networks (GNN), which have emerged as an effective model for various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Yujia Li , Chenjie Gu , Thomas Dullien , Oriol Vinyals , Pushmeet Kohli

Two vertices $u$ and $v$ of a graph $\Gamma$ are strucuturally equivalent if and only if the transposition $(u\,v)$ is in Aut($\Gamma$), the automorphism group of $\Gamma$. Some properties of structural equivalence and the group of vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Jonathan Higgins

In this paper we present a comprehensive view of prominent causal discovery algorithms, categorized into two main categories (1) assuming acyclic and no latent variables, and (2) allowing both cycles and latent variables, along with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-13 Karamjit Singh , Garima Gupta , Vartika Tewari , Gautam Shroff

Gaussian Graphical models (GGM) are widely used to estimate the network structures in many applications ranging from biology to finance. In practice, data is often corrupted by latent confounders which biases inference of the underlying…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-25 Ke Wang , Alexander Franks , Sang-Yun Oh