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Molecular structure generation is a fundamental problem that involves determining the 3D positions of molecules' constituents. It has crucial biological applications, such as molecular docking, protein folding, and molecular design. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenyin Zhou , Christopher Iliffe Sprague , Vsevolod Viliuga , Matteo Tadiello , Arne Elofsson , Hossein Azizpour

Estimating three-dimensional conformations of a molecular graph allows insight into the molecule's biological and chemical functions. Fast generation of valid conformations is thus central to molecular modeling. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sohil Atul Shah , Vladlen Koltun

Weak gravitational lensing maps compactly encode the evolution of cosmic large-scale structure and are a key tool for cosmological analyses. Performing inference directly at the map level allows flexible choices of statistics and can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-25 Guangjian Li , Tomasz Kacprzak

Flow matching offers a robust and stable approach to training diffusion models. However, directly applying flow matching to neural vocoders can result in subpar audio quality. In this work, we present WaveFM, a reparameterized flow matching…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Tianze Luo , Xingchen Miao , Wenbo Duan

Sampling from unnormalized densities is analogous to the generative modeling problem, but the target distribution is defined by a known energy function instead of data samples. Because evaluating the energy function is often costly, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Aaron Havens , Brian Karrer , Neta Shaul

Molecular conformation generation, a critical aspect of computational chemistry, involves producing the three-dimensional conformer geometry for a given molecule. Generating molecular conformation via diffusion requires learning to reverse…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Zihan Zhou , Ruiying Liu , Chaolong Ying , Ruimao Zhang , Tianshu Yu

Flow matching as a paradigm of generative model achieves notable success across various domains. However, existing methods use either multi-round training or knowledge within minibatches, posing challenges in finding a favorable coupling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Siyu Xing , Jie Cao , Huaibo Huang , Haichao Shi , Xiao-Yu Zhang

By chaining a sequence of differentiable invertible transformations, normalizing flows (NF) provide an expressive method of posterior approximation, exact density evaluation, and sampling. The trend in normalizing flow literature has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Robert Giaquinto , Arindam Banerjee

The slow iterative sampling nature remains a major bottleneck for the practical deployment of diffusion and flow-based generative models. While consistency models (CMs) represent a state-of-the-art distillation-based approach for efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Linwei Dong , Ruoyu Guo , Ge Bai , Zehuan Yuan , Yawei Luo , Changqing Zou

In this work, we consider the problem of training a generator from evaluations of energy functions or unnormalized densities. This is a fundamental problem in probabilistic inference, which is crucial for scientific applications such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Dongyeop Woo , Sungsoo Ahn

In this paper, we introduce Plug-and-Play (PnP) Flow Matching, an algorithm for solving imaging inverse problems. PnP methods leverage the strength of pre-trained denoisers, often deep neural networks, by integrating them in optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ségolène Martin , Anne Gagneux , Paul Hagemann , Gabriele Steidl

Although deep neural network (DNN)-based speech enhancement (SE) methods outperform the previous non-DNN-based ones, they often degrade the perceptual quality of generated outputs. To tackle this problem, we introduce a DNN-based generative…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-31 Ryosuke Sawata , Naoki Murata , Yuhta Takida , Toshimitsu Uesaka , Takashi Shibuya , Shusuke Takahashi , Yuki Mitsufuji

Mass spectrometry is a powerful and widely used tool for identifying molecular structures due to its sensitivity and ability to profile complex samples. However, translating spectra into full molecular structures is a difficult,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ghaith Mqawass , Tuan Le , Fabian Theis , Djork-Arné Clevert

Building on the success of diffusion models in visual generation, flow-based models reemerge as another prominent family of generative models that have achieved competitive or better performance in terms of both visual quality and inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Wenliang Zhao , Minglei Shi , Xumin Yu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Generative models have excelled in audio tasks using approaches such as language models, diffusion, and flow matching. However, existing generative approaches for speech enhancement (SE) face notable challenges: language model-based methods…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Ziqian Wang , Zikai Liu , Xinfa Zhu , Yike Zhu , Mingshuai Liu , Jun Chen , Longshuai Xiao , Chao Weng , Lei Xie

Current discriminative depth estimation methods often produce blurry artifacts, while generative approaches suffer from slow sampling due to curvatures in the noise-to-depth transport. Our method addresses these challenges by framing depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Ulrich Prestel , Pingchuan Ma , Dmytro Kotovenko , Olga Grebenkova , Stefan Andreas Baumann , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer

The multi-step denoising process in diffusion and Flow Matching models causes major efficiency issues, which motivates research on few-step generation. We present Solution Flow Models (SoFlow), a framework for one-step generation from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tianze Luo , Haotian Yuan , Zhuang Liu

Simulation-free methods for training continuous-time generative models construct probability paths that go between noise distributions and individual data samples. Recent works, such as Flow Matching, derived paths that are optimal for each…

Generative models, particularly diffusion model, have emerged as powerful tools for sequential recommendation. However, accurately modeling user preferences remains challenging due to the noise perturbations inherent in the forward and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Feng Liu , Lixin Zou , Xiangyu Zhao , Min Tang , Liming Dong , Dan Luo , Xiangyang Luo , Chenliang Li

We study the training objectives of denoising-based generative models, with a particular focus on loss weighting and output parameterization, including noise-, clean image-, and velocity-based formulations. Through a systematic numerical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Anne Gagneux , Ségolène Martin , Rémi Gribonval , Mathurin Massias