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In classical Markov jump processes, current fluctuations can only be reduced at the cost of increased dissipation. To explore how quantum effects influence this trade-off, we analyze the uncertainty of steady-state currents in Markovian…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-07-09 Paul Menczel , Eetu Loisa , Kay Brandner , Christian Flindt

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation, originally derived for classical Markov-jump processes, provides a trade-off relation between precision and dissipation, deepening our understanding of the performance of quantum thermal machines.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-31 Junjie Liu , Dvira Segal

The thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations indicate trade-offs between the relative fluctuation of observables and thermodynamic quantities such as dissipation and dynamical activity. Although these relations have been well studied…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-04-12 Tan Van Vu , Keiji Saito

Fluctuations are intrinsic to microscopic systems and impose fundamental limits on nonequilibrium precision, as captured by the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR), which links current fluctuations to entropy production. While feedback…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Ryotaro Honma , Tan Van Vu

Fluctuations strongly affect the dynamics and functionality of nanoscale thermal machines. Recent developments in stochastic thermodynamics have shown that fluctuations in many far-from-equilibrium systems are constrained by the rate of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-29 Antoine Rignon-Bret , Giacomo Guarnieri , John Goold , Mark T. Mitchison

Understanding current fluctuations is of fundamental importance and paves the way for the development of practical applications. According to the thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations, the precision of currents can be constrained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-06 Van Tuan Vo , Tan Van Vu , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) imposes a fundamental constraint between current fluctuations and entropy production, providing a refined formulation of the second law for micro- and nanoscale systems. Quantum violations of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Yang Li , Fu-Lin Zhang

We derive a thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) under quantum continuous measurement and feedback control. By incorporating the quantum-classical-transfer entropy, which quantifies the information gained by continuous measurement, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-20 Kaito Tojo , Takahiro Sagawa , Ken Funo

Physical systems that power motion and create structure in a fixed amount of time dissipate energy and produce entropy. Whether living or synthetic, systems performing these dynamic functions must balance dissipation and speed. Here, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-18 Schuyler B. Nicholson , Luis Pedro Garcia-Pintos , Adolfo del Campo , Jason R. Green

Information plays a pivotal role in the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes with feedback. However, much remains to be learned about the nature of information fluctuations in small scale devices and their relation with fluctuations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-12-21 Martin Luc Rosinberg , Jordan M. Horowitz

Understanding how coherence of quantum systems affects thermodynamic quantities, such as work and heat, is essential for harnessing quantumness effectively in thermal quantum technologies. Here, we study the unique contributions of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Rui Huang , Q. Y. Cai , Farzam Nosrati , Rosario Lo Franco , Zhong-Xiao Man

We investigate fundamental limits on the performance of information processing systems from the perspective of information thermodynamics. We first extend the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) to a subsystem. Specifically, for a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-04 Tomohiro Tanogami , Tan Van Vu , Keiji Saito

Fluctuation theorems establish exact relations for nonequilibrium dynamics, profoundly advancing the field of stochastic thermodynamics. In this work, we extend quantum fluctuation theorems beyond the traditional thermodynamic framework to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Kun Zhang , Mo-Yang Ni , Hai-Long Shi , Xiao-Hui Wang , Jin Wang

The Heisenberg uncertainty relation, which links the uncertainties of the position and momentum of a particle, has an important footprint on the quantum behavior of a physical system. Analogous to this principle, we propose that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Pratik Sathe , Luis Pedro García-Pintos , Francesco Caravelli

Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations express a trade-off between precision, defined as the noise-to-signal ratio of a generic current, and the amount of associated entropy production. These results have deep consequences for autonomous heat…

We study the fluctuations of generic currents in multi-terminal, multi-channel quantum transport settings. In the quantum regime, these fluctuations and the resulting precision differ strongly depending on whether the device is of fermionic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Didrik Palmqvist , Ludovico Tesser , Janine Splettstoesser

Recently, a thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) has been formulated for classical Markovian systems demonstrating trade-off between precision (current fluctuation) and cost (dissipation). Systems that violate the TUR are interesting as…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Junjie Liu , Dvira Segal

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) are a set of inequalities expressing a fundamental trade-off between precision and dissipation in non-equilibrium classical and quantum thermodynamic processes. TURs show that achieving low…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Mario Motta , Antonio Mezzacapo , Giacomo Guarnieri

It is known that temperature estimates of macroscopic systems in equilibrium are most precise when their energy fluctuations are large. However, for nanoscale systems deviations from standard thermodynamics arise due to their interactions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders

We present a fluctuation theorem for quantum bipartite systems in which the subsystems exchange information with each other. Our information fluctuation theorem includes correlations by introducing a quantum mechanical mutual information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Jung Jun Park , Sang Wook Kim , Vlatko Vedral
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