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Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) clinical decision support (CDS) systems have the potential to augment surgical risk assessments, but successful adoption depends on an understanding of end-user needs and current workflows. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Andrea E Davidson , Jessica M Ray , Yulia Levites Strekalova , Parisa Rashidi , Azra Bihorac

Noninvasive optical imaging modalities can probe patient's tissue in 3D and over time generate gigabytes of clinically relevant data per sample. There is a need for AI models to analyze this data and assist clinical workflow. The lack of…

Artificial intelligence may assist healthcare systems in meeting increasing demand for pathology services while maintaining diagnostic quality and reducing turnaround time and costs. We aimed to investigate the performance of an…

Foundation models for computational pathology have shown great promise for specimen-level tasks and are increasingly accessible to researchers. However, specimen-level models built on these foundation models remain largely unavailable,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-13 Jakub R. Kaczmarzyk , Rishul Sharma , Peter K. Koo , Joel H. Saltz

The importance of rapid and accurate histologic analysis of surgical tissue in the operating room has been recognized for over a century. Our standard-of-care intraoperative pathology workflow is based on light microscopy and H\&E…

Pathology foundation models have shown strong retrospective performance, but whether such systems can support clinically relevant use remains unclear. This challenge is particularly important in breast cancer, where pathological assessment…

Deep intracranial tumors situated in eloquent brain regions controlling vital functions present critical diagnostic challenges. Clinical practice has shifted toward stereotactic biopsy for pathological confirmation before treatment. Yet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Xinzhe Luo , Shuai Shao , Yan Wang , Jiangtao Wang , Yutong Bai , Jianguo Zhang

Tissue phenotyping is a fundamental computational pathology (CPath) task in learning objective characterizations of histopathologic biomarkers in anatomic pathology. However, whole-slide imaging (WSI) poses a complex computer vision problem…

Foundation models in computational pathology promise to unlock the development of new clinical decision support systems and models for precision medicine. However, there is a mismatch between most clinical analysis, which is defined at the…

Recent advances in clinical AI have enabled remarkable progress across many clinical domains. However, existing benchmarks and models are primarily limited to a small set of modalities and tasks, which hinders the development of large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Wei Dai , Peilin Chen , Malinda Lu , Daniel Li , Haowen Wei , Hejie Cui , Paul Pu Liang

Non-invasive brain imaging techniques allow understanding the behavior and macro changes in the brain to determine the progress of a disease. However, computational pathology provides a deeper understanding of brain disorders at cellular…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Gabriel Jimenez , Daniel Racoceanu

Background: Accurate diagnosis of skull base tumors is essential for providing personalized surgical treatment strategies. Intraoperative diagnosis can be challenging due to tumor diversity and lack of intraoperative pathology resources.…

Digital pathology has emerged as a transformative approach to tissue analysis, offering unprecedented opportunities for objective, quantitative assessment of histopathological features. However, the complexity of implementing artificial…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-17 Noor Shaker , Mohamed AbouZleikha , Nuha Shaker

Computational pathology foundation models (CPathFMs) have emerged as a powerful approach for analyzing histopathological data, leveraging self-supervised learning to extract robust feature representations from unlabeled whole-slide images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Dong Li , Guihong Wan , Xintao Wu , Xinyu Wu , Ajit J. Nirmal , Christine G. Lian , Peter K. Sorger , Yevgeniy R. Semenov , Chen Zhao

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases represent a clinically significant burden, necessitating precise diagnostic approaches to optimize patient outcomes. Conventional histopathological diagnosis suffers from limited reproducibility and diagnostic…

Foundation models have recently achieved impressive success in computational pathology, demonstrating strong generalization across diverse histopathology tasks. However, existing models overlook the heterogeneous and non-uniform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Di Zhang , Zhangpeng Gong , Xiaobo Pang , Jiashuai Liu , Junbo Lu , Hao Cui , Jiusong Ge , Zhi Zeng , Kai Yi , Yinghua Li , Si Liu , Tingsong Yu , Haoran Wang , Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar , Weimiao Yu , Chen Li , Zeyu Gao

In minimally invasive surgery, clinical decisions depend on real-time visual interpretation, yet intraoperative perception varies substantially across surgeons and procedures. This variability limits consistent assessment, training, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kanggil Park , Yongjun Jeon , Soyoung Lim , Seonmin Park , Jongmin Shin , Jung Yong Kim , Sehyeon An , Jinsoo Rhu , Jongman Kim , Gyu-Seong Choi , Namkee Oh , Kyu-Hwan Jung

The microscopic examination of surgical tissue remains a cornerstone of disease classification but relies on subjective interpretations and access to highly specialized experts, which can compromise accuracy and clinical care. While…

Deep learning models for medical imaging often exhibit overconfidence, creating safety risks in ambiguous diagnostic scenarios. While Conformal Prediction (CP) provides distribution-free statistical guarantees, standard methods such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 One Octadion , Novanto Yudistira , Lailil Muflikhah

Objective: We develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system using deep learning approaches for lesion detection and classification on whole-slide images (WSIs) with breast cancer. The deep features being distinguishing in classification…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-29 Wei-Wen Hsu , Yongfang Wu , Chang Hao , Yu-Ling Hou , Xiang Gao , Yun Shao , Xueli Zhang , Tao He , Yanhong Tai