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One of the most significant challenges in Music Emotion Recognition (MER) comes from the fact that emotion labels can be heterogeneous across datasets with regard to the emotion representation, including categorical (e.g., happy, sad)…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Jaeyong Kang , Dorien Herremans

Multimodal music emotion recognition (MMER) is an emerging discipline in music information retrieval that has experienced a surge in interest in recent years. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rashini Liyanarachchi , Aditya Joshi , Erik Meijering

Deep learning models for music have advanced drastically in recent years, but how good are machine learning models at capturing emotion, and what challenges are researchers facing? In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Jaeyong Kang , Dorien Herremans

The complex nature of musical emotion introduces inherent bias in both recognition and generation, particularly when relying on a single audio encoder, emotion classifier, or evaluation metric. In this work, we conduct a study on Music…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Yuanchao Li , Azalea Gui , Dimitra Emmanouilidou , Hannes Gamper

Music Emotion Recognition involves the automatic identification of emotional elements within music tracks, and it has garnered significant attention due to its broad applicability in the field of Music Information Retrieval. It can also be…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Kexin Zhu , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Symbolic Music Emotion Recognition(SMER) is to predict music emotion from symbolic data, such as MIDI and MusicXML. Previous work mainly focused on learning better representation via (mask) language model pre-training but ignored the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Jibao Qiu , C. L. Philip Chen , Tong Zhang

Music emotion recognition (MER) is usually regarded as a multi-label tagging task, and each segment of music can inspire specific emotion tags. Most researchers extract acoustic features from music and explore the relations between these…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2017-04-20 Xin Liu , Qingcai Chen , Xiangping Wu , Yan Liu , Yang Liu

Emotion is a complicated notion present in music that is hard to capture even with fine-tuned feature engineering. In this paper, we investigate the utility of state-of-the-art pre-trained deep audio embedding methods to be used in the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Eunjeong Koh , Shlomo Dubnov

Music emotion recognition (MER) aims to identify the emotions conveyed in a given musical piece. However, currently, in the field of MER, the available public datasets have limited sample sizes. Recently, segment-based methods for…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yifu Sun , Xulong Zhang , Monan Zhou , Wei Li

Music Emotion Recogniser (MER) research faces challenges due to limited high-quality annotated datasets and difficulties in addressing cross-track feature drift. This work presents two primary contributions to address these issues.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Qilin Li , C. L. Philip Chen , Tong Zhang

The Music Emotion Recognition (MER) field has seen steady developments in recent years, with contributions from feature engineering, machine learning, and deep learning. The landscape has also shifted from audio-centric systems to bimodal…

Dynamic Music Emotion Recognition (DMER) aims to predict the emotion of different moments in music, playing a crucial role in music information retrieval. The existing DMER methods struggle to capture long-term dependencies when dealing…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Dengming Zhang , Weitao You , Ziheng Liu , Lingyun Sun , Pei Chen

In this study, we aim to determine if generalized sounds and music can share a common emotional space, improving predictions of emotion in terms of arousal and valence. We propose the use of multiple datasets as a multi-domain learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Federico Simonetta , Francesca Certo , Stavros Ntalampiras

This paper aims to test whether a multi-modal approach for music emotion recognition (MER) performs better than a uni-modal one on high-level song features and lyrics. We use 11 song features retrieved from the Spotify API, combined lyrics…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Tibor Krols , Yana Nikolova , Ninell Oldenburg

Human annotations of mood in music are essential for music generation and recommender systems. However, existing datasets predominantly focus on Western songs with terms derived from English, which may limit generalizability across diverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Harin Lee , Elif Çelen , Peter Harrison , Manuel Anglada-Tort , Pol van Rijn , Minsu Park , Marc Schönwiesner , Nori Jacoby

Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) aims to identify human emotions by combining data from various modalities such as language, audio, and vision. Despite the recent advances of MER approaches, the limitations in obtaining extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yehun Song , Sunyoung Cho

Music is used to convey emotions, and thus generating emotional music is important in automatic music generation. Previous work on emotional music generation directly uses annotated emotion labels as control signals, which suffers from…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Chenfei Kang , Peiling Lu , Botao Yu , Xu Tan , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang , Jiang Bian

Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) aims to detect the emotional status of a given expression by combining the speech and text information. Intuitively, label information should be capable of helping the model locate the salient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Peiying Wang , Sunlu Zeng , Junqing Chen , Lu Fan , Meng Chen , Youzheng Wu , Xiaodong He

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) focuses on identifying and interpreting emotions from modality-compound inputs. Closely mirroring human cognitive processes in real-world environments, MER has drawn substantial attention from both…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Hongrui Zhang , Daiqing Wu , Yangyang Li , Kuien Liu , Yuhui Wang , Yu Zhou , Sicheng Zhao

Multimodal emotion recognition is an important research topic in artificial intelligence, whose main goal is to integrate multimodal clues to identify human emotional states. Current works generally assume accurate labels for benchmark…

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