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Adapting Large Language Models in complex technical service domains is constrained by the absence of explicit cognitive chains in human demonstrations and the inherent ambiguity arising from the diversity of valid responses. These…

Knowledge graphs provide structured context for multi-hop question answering, but deployed systems must balance answer accuracy with strict latency and cost targets while preserving provenance. Static k-hop expansions and "think-longer"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yang Zhao , Chengxiao Dai , Wei Zhuo , Yue Xiu , Dusit Niyato

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) has lead to the development of agents capable of complex reasoning and interaction with external tools. In enterprise contexts, the effective use of such tools that are often enabled by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Prerna Agarwal , Himanshu Gupta , Soujanya Soni , Rohith Vallam , Renuka Sindhgatta , Sameep Mehta

Leveraging multiple Large Language Models(LLMs) has proven effective for addressing complex, high-dimensional tasks, but current approaches often rely on static, manually engineered multi-agent configurations. To overcome these constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Xiaowen Ma , Chenyang Lin , Yao Zhang , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly used to operate browsers, files, code and tools, making personal assistants a natural deployment target. Yet personal agents face a privacy-cost-capability tension: cloud models execute…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Haoyang Xie , Xinyuan Wang , Yancheng Wang , Puda Zhao , Feng Ju

Developing AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) faces significant challenges in achieving true Turing completeness and adaptive, code-driven evolution. Current approaches often generate code independently of its runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Ming Zhu , Yi Zhou

Recent mechanistic studies suggest that large language models (LLMs) may utilize their depth inefficiently in standard single-turn tasks. Whether this still holds in autonomous agent settings, where models must perform multi-turn planning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhenyu Cui , Xiangzhong Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly capable but often require significant guidance or extensive interaction history to perform effectively in complex, interactive environments. Existing methods may struggle with adapting to new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Samuel Holt , Max Ruiz Luyten , Thomas Pouplin , Mihaela van der Schaar

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances factual grounding in large language models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved evidence, but LLM accuracy declines when long or noisy contexts exceed the model's effective attention span. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Debashish Chakraborty , Eugene Yang , Daniel Khashabi , Dawn Lawrie , Kevin Duh

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities, yet their reasoning remains opaque, raising safety and trust concerns. Attribution methods, which assign credit to input features, have proven effective for explaining the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Chase Walker , Rickard Ewetz

Prior representative ReAct-style approaches in autonomous Software Engineering (SWE) typically lack the explicit System-2 reasoning required for deep analysis and handling complex edge cases. While recent reasoning models demonstrate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shuquan Lian , Juncheng Liu , Yazhe Chen , Yuhong Chen , Hui Li

Large Language Model (LLM)-based code analysis tools are adopted to automate software documentation tasks. However, the scalability of these approaches to real codebases, where Intermediate Representations (IR) exceed LLM context limits,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Alin-Gabriel Văduva , Anca-Ioana Andreescu , Simona-Vasilica Oprea , Adela Bâra

The increasing prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs) demands effective safeguards for their operation, particularly concerning their tendency to generate out-of-context responses. A key challenge is accurately detecting when LLMs stray…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jonathan Pan

Large language models (LLMs) excel at rapid generation of text and multimodal content, yet they falter on transaction-style planning that demands ACID-like guarantees and real-time disruption recovery. We present Adaptive LLM Agent System…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Edward Y. Chang , Longling Geng

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally focused on training specialized agents to optimize predefined reward functions within narrowly defined environments. However, the advent of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) and increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Fangming Cui , Ruixiao Zhu , Cheng Fang , Sunan Li , Jiahong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in multi-turn dialogue. However, in multi-turn dialogue, models still struggle to stay aligned with what has been established earlier, follow dependencies across many turns, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Jiawei Shen , Jia Zhu , Hanghui Guo , Weijie Shi , Yue Cui , Qingyu Niu , Guoqing Ma , Yidan Liang , Jingjiang Liu , Yiling Wang , Shimin Di , Jiajie Xu

The recent surge in research interest in applying large language models (LLMs) to decision-making tasks has flourished by leveraging the extensive world knowledge embedded in LLMs. While there is a growing demand to tailor LLMs for custom…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Andrew Zhao , Daniel Huang , Quentin Xu , Matthieu Lin , Yong-Jin Liu , Gao Huang

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance human capabilities, assisting with digital tasks from sending emails to performing data analysis. The abilities of existing LLMs at such tasks are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hongjin Su , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Pengcheng Yin , Tao Yu , Sercan Ö. Arık

Large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge bases and strong reasoning capabilities, making them promising tools for complex, multi-agent planning in embodied environments. However, despite LLMs' advanced abilities and the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xinran Li , Chenjia Bai , Zijian Li , Jiakun Zheng , Ting Xiao , Jun Zhang

The recent advance in Large Language Models (LLMs) has shaped a new paradigm of AI agents, i.e., LLM-based agents. Compared to standalone LLMs, LLM-based agents substantially extend the versatility and expertise of LLMs by enhancing LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Junwei Liu , Kaixin Wang , Yixuan Chen , Xin Peng , Zhenpeng Chen , Lingming Zhang , Yiling Lou