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Weak-to-strong generalization provides a promising paradigm for scaling large language models (LLMs) by training stronger models on samples from aligned weaker ones, without requiring human feedback or explicit reward modeling. However, its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Houcheng Jiang , Junfeng Fang , Jiaxin Wu , Tianyu Zhang , Chen Gao , Yong Li , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He , Yang Deng

Recent trends in NLP utilize knowledge graphs (KGs) to enhance pretrained language models by incorporating additional knowledge from the graph structures to learn domain-specific terminology or relationships between documents that might…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Anastasia Zhukova , Jonas Lührs , Christian E. Lobmüller , Bela Gipp

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across diverse tasks, but their effectiveness often depends on the quality of the provided context. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enriches prompts with external information, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Oussama Gabouj , Kamel Charaf , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Baldwin , Robert West

Graph representation learning has emerged as a powerful tool for preserving graph topology when mapping nodes to vector representations, enabling various downstream tasks such as node classification and community detection. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Kaizhe Fan , Quanjun Li

We propose Graph Contrastive Learning (GraphCL), a general framework for learning node representations in a self supervised manner. GraphCL learns node embeddings by maximizing the similarity between the representations of two randomly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Hakim Hafidi , Mounir Ghogho , Philippe Ciblat , Ananthram Swami

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate fluent text, producing high-quality creative stories remains challenging. Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a promising solution but faces two critical obstacles: designing reliable reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zhaoyan Li , Hang Lei , Yujia Wang , Lanbo Liu , Hao Liu , Liang Yu

Hallucination mitigation remains a persistent challenge for large language models (LLMs), even as model scales grow. Existing approaches often rely on external knowledge sources, such as structured databases or knowledge graphs, accessed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Manh Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Dai Do , Hung Le

Generative Recommendation (GR) has become a promising paradigm for large-scale recommendation systems. However, existing GR models typically perform single-pass decoding without explicit refinement, causing early deviations to accumulate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Haibo Xing , Hao Deng , Lingyu Mu , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng , Jing Zhang

Aligned large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in task-solving, following instructions, and ensuring safety. However, the continual learning aspect of these aligned LLMs has been largely overlooked. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Xiao Wang , Yuansen Zhang , Tianze Chen , Songyang Gao , Senjie Jin , Xianjun Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Rui Zheng , Yicheng Zou , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Self-supervised learning (SSL) on graphs generates node and graph representations (i.e., embeddings) that can be used for downstream tasks such as node classification, node clustering, and link prediction. Graph SSL is particularly useful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jiali Chen , Avijit Mukherjee

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive success in a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks due to their extensive general knowledge of the world. Recent works discovered that the performance of LLMs is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Yuze Liu , Tingjie Liu , Tiehua Zhang , Youhua Xia , Jinze Wang , Zhishu Shen , Jiong Jin , Fei Richard Yu

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) faces considerable challenges concerning resource constraints and inference efficiency. Recent research has increasingly focused on smaller, task-specific models enhanced by distilling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wei Wang , Zhaowei Li , Qi Xu , Yiqing Cai , Hang Song , Qi Qi , Ran Zhou , Zhida Huang , Tao Wang , Li Xiao

In the rapidly evolving field of self-supervised learning on graphs, generative and contrastive methodologies have emerged as two dominant approaches. Our study focuses on masked feature reconstruction (MFR), a generative technique where a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jianyuan Bo , Yuan Fang

Reward modeling is essential for aligning Large Language Models(LLMs) with human preferences, yet conventional reward models suffer from poor interpretability and heavy reliance on costly expert annotations. While recent rubric-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dengcan Liu , Fengkai Yang , Xiaohan Wang , Shurui Yan , Jiajun Chai , Jiahao Li , Yikun Ban , Zhendong Mao , Wei Lin , Guojun Yin

Deep candidate generation (DCG) that narrows down the collection of relevant items from billions to hundreds via representation learning has become prevalent in industrial recommender systems. Standard approaches approximate maximum…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Chang Zhou , Jianxin Ma , Jianwei Zhang , Jingren Zhou , Hongxia Yang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in surface-level text generation, their nature in handling complex multi-step reasoning tasks often remains one of ``statistical fitting'' rather than systematic logical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Lianlei Shan , Han Chen , Yixuan Wang , Zhenjie Liu , Wei Li

Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) establishes a new paradigm for learning graph representations without human annotations. Although remarkable progress has been witnessed recently, the success behind GCL is still left somewhat mysterious. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu

Recently, contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a successful method for unsupervised graph representation learning. Most graph CL methods first perform stochastic augmentation on the input graph to obtain two graph views and maximize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Feng Yu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Graph contrastive learning defines a contrastive task to pull similar instances close and push dissimilar instances away. It learns discriminative node embeddings without supervised labels, which has aroused increasing attention in the past…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Lin Shu , Chuan Chen , Zibin Zheng