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Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) guides large language models (LLMs) to generate recommendations aligned with user historical behavior distributions by minimizing preference alignment loss. However, our systematic empirical research and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chu Zhao , Enneng Yang , Jianzhe Zhao , Guibing Guo

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a successful methodology to optimize black-box functions that are expensive to evaluate. While traditional methods optimize each black-box function in isolation, there has been recent interest in speeding up BO…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-30 Valerio Perrone , Huibin Shen , Matthias Seeger , Cedric Archambeau , Rodolphe Jenatton

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a widely adopted offline algorithm for preference-based reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), designed to improve training simplicity and stability by redefining reward functions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Gengxu Li , Tingyu Xia , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Bilevel optimization recently has received tremendous attention due to its great success in solving important machine learning problems like meta learning, reinforcement learning, and hyperparameter optimization. Extending single-agent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-02 Xuxing Chen , Minhui Huang , Shiqian Ma , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

We consider the problem of optimizing the sum of a smooth, nonconvex function for which derivatives are unavailable, and a convex, nonsmooth function with easy-to-evaluate proximal operator. Of particular focus is the case where the smooth…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Yanjun Liu , Kevin H. Lam , Lindon Roberts

In this paper, we propose a trigonometric-interpolation approach for solutions of second order nonlinear ODEs with mixed boundary conditions. The method interpolates secondary derivative $y''$ of a target solution $y$ by a trigonometric…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Xiaorong Zou

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) improves the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values by training directly on human preference datasets, eliminating the need for reward models. However, due to the presence of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Biqing Qi , Pengfei Li , Fangyuan Li , Junqi Gao , Kaiyan Zhang , Bowen Zhou

Multi-objective optimization is a widely studied problem in diverse fields, such as engineering and finance, that seeks to identify a set of non-dominated solutions that provide optimal trade-offs among competing objectives. However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Arash Heidari , Sebastian Rojas Gonzalez , Tom Dhaene , Ivo Couckuyt

We study reinforcement learning in hybrid discrete-continuous action spaces, such as settings where the discrete component selects a regime (or index) and the continuous component optimizes within it -- a structure common in robotics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Matias Alvo , Daniel Russo , Yash Kanoria

Optimizing an expensive-to-query function is a common task in science and engineering, where it is beneficial to keep the number of queries to a minimum. A popular strategy is Bayesian optimization (BO), which leverages probabilistic models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Willie Neiswanger , Kirthevasan Kandasamy , Barnabas Poczos , Jeff Schneider , Eric Xing

We develop novel integrated learning and optimization (ILO) methodologies to solve economic dispatch (ED) and DC optimal power flow (DCOPF) problems for better economic operation. The optimization problem for ED is formulated with load…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Imran Pervez , Ricardo Pinto Lima , Omar Knio

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for safe and effective AI interactions. While popular methods like Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have simplified alignment, they remain sensitive to data noise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ning Yang , Hai Lin , Yibo Liu , Baoliang Tian , Guoqing Liu , Haijun Zhang

Decentralized policy optimization has been commonly used in cooperative multi-agent tasks. However, since all agents are updating their policies simultaneously, from the perspective of individual agents, the environment is non-stationary,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Hao Luo , Jiechuan Jiang , Zongqing Lu

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a prominent approach to optimizing expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. The massive computational capability of edge devices such as mobile phones, coupled with privacy concerns, has led to a surging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Zhongxiang Dai , Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

Gasoline blending scheduling uses resource allocation and operation sequencing to meet a refinery's production requirements. The presence of nonlinearity, integer constraints, and a large number of decision variables adds complexity to this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Wenxuan Fang , Wei Du , Renchu He , Yang Tang , Yaochu Jin , Gary G. Yen

We provide first the functional analysis background required for reduced order modeling and present the underlying concepts of reduced basis model reduction. The projection-based model reduction framework under affinity assumptions,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-30 Gianluigi Rozza , Martin Hess , Giovanni Stabile , Marco Tezzele , Francesco Ballarin

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a widely used approach for blackbox optimization that leverages a Gaussian process (GP) model and an acquisition function to guide future sampling. While effective in low-dimensional settings, BO faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Pavankumar Koratikere , Leifur Leifsson

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely-used sequential method for zeroth-order optimization of complex and expensive-to-compute black-box functions. The existing BO methods assume that the function evaluation (feedback) is available to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Arun Verma , Zhongxiang Dai , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

We consider the problem of minimizing a high-dimensional objective function, which may include a regularization term, using (possibly noisy) evaluations of the function. Such optimization is also called derivative-free, zeroth-order, or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-20 HanQin Cai , Daniel Mckenzie , Wotao Yin , Zhenliang Zhang

In this note, we present a derivative-free trust-region (TR) algorithm for reliability based optimization (RBO) problems. The proposed algorithm consists of solving a set of subproblems, in which simple surrogate models of the reliability…

Computation · Statistics 2016-10-04 Tian Gao , Jinglai Li