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Many applications involve reasoning about time durations before a critical event happens--also called time-to-event outcomes. When will a customer cancel a subscription, a coma patient wake up, or a convicted criminal reoffend?…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-03 George H. Chen

We investigate two population-level quantities (corresponding to complete data) related to uncensored stage waiting times in a progressive multi-stage model, conditional on a prior stage visit. We show how to estimate these quantities…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-25 Xiaoxi Zhang , Peihua Qiu , Somnath Datta

Hazard ratios are ubiquitously used in time to event analysis to quantify treatment effects. Although hazard ratios are invaluable for hypothesis testing, other measures of association, both relative and absolute, may be used to fully…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-02 Federico Ambrogi , Simona Iacobelli , Per Kragh Andersen

Survival analysis studies and predicts the time of death, or other singular unrepeated events, based on historical data, while the true time of death for some instances is unknown. Survival trees enable the discovery of complex nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Tim Huisman , Jacobus G. M. van der Linden , Emir Demirović

Survival analysis is a critical tool for the modelling of time-to-event data, such as life expectancy after a cancer diagnosis or optimal maintenance scheduling for complex machinery. However, current neural network models provide an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-06 Fabio Luis de Mello , J Mark Wilkinson , Visakan Kadirkamanathan

What can be considered an appropriate statistical method for the primary analysis of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with a time-to-event endpoint when we anticipate non-proportional hazards owing to a delayed effect? This question has…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-18 José L. Jiménez , Isobel Barrott , Francesca Gasperoni , Dominic Magirr

In studies of recurrent events, joint modeling approaches are often needed to allow for potential dependent censoring by a terminal event such as death. Joint frailty models for recurrent events and death with an additional dependence…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-25 Marie Böhnstedt , Jutta Gampe , Monique A. A. Caljouw , Hein Putter

Survival analysis models the distribution of time until an event of interest, such as discharge from the hospital or admission to the ICU. When a model's predicted number of events within any time interval is similar to the observed number,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Mark Goldstein , Xintian Han , Aahlad Puli , Adler J. Perotte , Rajesh Ranganath

An aspect of interest in surveillance of diseases is whether the survival time distribution changes over time. By following data in health registries over time, this can be monitored, either in real time or retrospectively. With relevant…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-10 Jimmy Huy Tran , Jan Terje Kvaløy , Hartwig Kørner

We present a general principle for estimating a regression function nonparametrically, allowing for a wide variety of data filtering, for example, repeated left truncation and right censoring. Both the mean and the median regression cases…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-02-10 Oliver Linton , Enno Mammen , Jens Perch Nielsen , Ingrid Van Keilegom

Conventional survival metrics, such as Harrell's concordance index (CI) and the Brier Score, rely on the independent censoring assumption for valid inference with right-censored data. However, in the presence of so-called dependent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Christian Marius Lillelund , Shi-ang Qi , Russell Greiner

Survival outcomes are common in comparative effectiveness studies and require unique handling because they are usually incompletely observed due to right-censoring. A ``once for all'' approach for causal inference with survival outcomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-21 Shuxi Zeng , Fan Li , Liangyuan Hu , Fan Li

In observational studies of survival time featuring a binary time-dependent treatment, the hazard ratio (an instantaneous measure) is often used to represent the treatment effect. However, investigators are often more interested in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-21 Yun Li , Douglas E. Schaubel , Kevin He

Survival analysis of right censored data arises often in many areas of research including medical research. Effect of covariates (and their interactions) on survival distribution can be studied through existing methods which requires to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-11 Madan Gopal Kundu , Samiran Ghosh

Recently developed survival analysis methods improve upon existing approaches by predicting the probability of event occurrence in each of a number pre-specified (discrete) time intervals. By avoiding placing strong parametric assumptions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-25 Jimmy Hickey , Ricardo Henao , Daniel Wojdyla , Michael Pencina , Matthew M. Engelhard

Survival models are a popular tool for the analysis of time to event data with applications in medicine, engineering, economics, and many more. Advances like the Cox proportional hazard model have enabled researchers to better describe…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-16 Stefan Groha , Sebastian M Schmon , Alexander Gusev

In this paper, we study a novel approach for the estimation of quantiles when facing potential right censoring of the responses. Contrary to the existing literature on the subject, the adopted strategy of this paper is to tackle censoring…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-24 Mickaël De Backer , Anouar El Ghouch , Ingrid Van Keilegom

One of the most pressing challenges facing the fusion community is adequately mitigating or, even better, avoiding disruptions of tokamak plasmas. However, before this can be done, disruptions must first be predicted with sufficient warning…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 R. A. Tinguely , K. J. Montes , C. Rea , R. Sweeney , R. S. Granetz

In the context of right-censored data, we study the problem of predicting the restricted time to event based on a set of covariates. Under a quadratic loss, this problem is equivalent to estimating the conditional Restricted Mean Survival…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Ariane Cwiling , Vittorio Perduca , Olivier Bouaziz

Although the Cox proportional hazards model is well established and extensively used in the analysis of survival data, the proportional hazards (PH) assumption may not always hold in practical scenarios. The class of semiparametric…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-21 Junkai Yin , Yue Zhang , Zhangsheng Yu